366 



BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



v. ab. latomarginata, n. ab. — The black outer marginal border of the forewings 

 considerably extended towards the centre of the wings. 



Clark observes that he has a specimen, from Abbott's Wood, with a 

 broad, black, hindmarginal band to the forewings, reaching to, and 

 including, the transverse row of spots. Bromilow records that an 

 exaggerated form was taken on the French Riviera, at Caussols, on 

 August 7th, 1893, in which the dark hindmarginal border of the fore- 

 wings was twice as broad as in the usual elens, aDd was jet-black, the 

 copper colour, too, of all the wings being of a fiery-red ; on the 

 hindwings there were no traces of the row of blue spots which are 

 sometimes present. Imms notes that the ^s'taken in Sutton Park 

 often have the coppery colour much intensified, and the black edging 

 of the wing considerably widened. Kane also says that specimens 

 with broad hindmarginal black bands and large spots, are occasionally 

 taken in Ireland. We have an exceptionally broad-bordered example 

 of the sufusa type, with the nervures also strongly outlined in black, 

 and the spots of the submarginal row of large size, taken at Bobbie in 

 mid-August, 1901 ; also large 2 s taken in Malta, July 17th, 1897, 

 with broad outer margin, large spots, and also tails to the hindwings, etc. 



£. ab. nigroapicata, n. ab. — Having a broad black band extending all along the 

 outer margin of forewings, and much intensified at the ajoex, where it runs inwards, 

 enclosing the three black spots there situated. A very fine form (Raynor collection) 

 taken by Harwood at Colchester, August 2nd, 1906. 



This form might be, perhaps, added to the melanic series, but as it 

 only involves the band and apex, and the ground colour is not influenced, 

 it may be maintained here. 



o. ab. melanophlaeas, Vill. and Guen., "Tab. Syn. Lep.," p. 36 (1835) ; Obth., 

 "Etudes," etc., pp. 13-14, pi. v., fig. 76 (1896). — Differs only from phlaeas in that 

 the forewings are entirely brown, and only lightly powdered with golden-tawny 

 (fauve-dore) at the base ; the hindwings with the whole or part of the antemarginal 

 tawny band also sometimes obliterated. South of France, also near Paris. This is 

 possibly only an accidental aberration of phlaeas, but it is frequently found ; we 

 have taken it near the Bois de Boulogne (Villiers and Guenee). 



This is really a combination of ab. latomarginata and fasciata, in 

 which the margin is largely increased, the transverse row of dots 

 elongated, the discoidal spot also elongated, the whole resulting in a 

 suffusion of the greater part of the forewing. Oberthur says that 

 black shades, or streaks, obscure the whole of the anterior part of the 

 forewing ; and that his fig. 76, taken in the Bois de Boulogne, near 

 Paris (from the Bellier collection), represents this form, called melano- 

 phlaeas by Villiers and Guenee. The Boisduval collection contained 

 another, absolutely similar. He adds that "it must not be confounded 

 with turcicus, Gerh., with which, however, it might be linked by 

 transitions." It is also recorded from Biarritz by Rondou. 



7r. ab. baeilipuncta, n. ab. — Forewings with an additional black spot in the 

 discal cell towards the base. ? , Tintern, August, 1906 ; captured by J. F. Bird. 



Variation in markings of hindwings. 



a. ab. caendeopunctata [Staud.,] Ruhl, " Pal. Gross-Schmett.," p. 218 (1895) ; 

 Tutt, "Brit. Butts.," p. 153 (1896); Wheeler, "Butts, of Switz.," p. 19 (1902). 

 Phlaeas var. 5, Stphs., " Illus. Haust.," i., p. 80(1828). Coeruleopiincta, Strand, 

 "Nyt Mag. f. Natur.," xl., p. 103 (1902).— A row of small blue spots, varying 

 from one to five in number, and from a single scale to a fairly large spot in size, 

 situated just within the inner edge of the coppery-red submarginal band of the 

 hindwings. 



Ruhl refers the name to Staudinger, with the diagnosis " having 

 very bright and numerous blue spots on the hindwings. Central 



