RUMICIA PHL^AS. 379 



i bliteration, of the extra-mesial spots of the underside, and this seems to 

 be more likely to occur the deeper the suffusion above ; in one instance, 

 however, and this the most extreme case of suffusion (extension) of 

 the upperside spots, known to me, not only are the extra-cellular spots 

 of the underside of the fore wings much elongated, on one side nearly 

 reaching the cell, but the spot in the lower median interspace is also 

 considerably enlarged, while, upon the hindwing, several of the extra- 

 mesial spots, otherwise of normal size, send shoots towards the base, 

 and the two costal spots are elongated on both wings, and on one 

 actually united into a long sublunate stripe. The same is the case 

 to a less extent in one other specimen, while, in a third, also an 

 extreme case of suffusion above, not only are the spots of the extra- 

 mesial row of the hindwing almost wholly (some of them wholly) 

 obliterated, but on one side both, and on the other the inner, but not 

 the outer of the costal spots, have also disappeared." On the variation 

 of the undersides of some specimens, taken by Sabine, in the Erith 

 district, in 1893, South observes (Ent., xxvi., p. 306) that " the black 

 spots on the primaries are very frequently distinctly ringed with 

 yellowish, but the spots on the hindwings are not well defined as a 

 rule. In some examples, however, the black spots are not only 

 distinct on the hindwings, but these wings have also a black transverse 

 waved line, edged externally with pale greyish-brown." Chapman 

 observes that "the undersides of examples, taken between July 

 10th-17tb, 1898, at Bossekop, were of a much cooler grey tone than 

 in the English form." The most remarkable underside aberration, is 

 one corresponding with our ab. externa or ab. extensa-conjuucta of the 

 upperside (antea, p. 363). It has the submarginal row of black dots 

 extended as wedge-shaped marks towards the base (see pi. xiii., figs. 

 4, 14). There are, of course, intermediate forms between the most 

 extreme aberrations in this direction and the type. The union of the 

 two discal spots of the forewings by a longitudinal line (ab. disco-juncta, 

 n.ab., see pi. xiii., fig. 13), and the formation of costal and inner marginal 

 streaks on the hindwings (ab. infra-radiata, n. ab., see pi. xiii., fig. 5) 

 are also occasionally met with. The marked streaked forms noted 

 above we would describe as : — 



a. ab. infra-extensa, n. ab., pi. xiii., figs. 4, 14. Phlaeas ab., South, " Ent.," 

 xxvi., p. 305, fig. 1 (1893); Buckstone, " Proc. Sth. Lond. Ent. Soc," p. 109 

 (1899) ; Fountaine, "Ent.," xxxvii., p. 137 (1904).— The spots forming the sub- 

 marginal transverse row on the forewings lengthened, and pointing towards the 

 base of wing. 



South figures (Ent., xxvi., p. 305, figs. 1 and 2) two underside aberra- 

 tions captured by Sabine, at Erith, September 7th, 1893. Fig. 1, our 

 infraextensa, shows a form which may be compared with our extensa- 

 conjuncta on the upperside. It has the spots of the submarginal row 

 extended in the same manner, the fourth spot from the costa joining the 

 base of the discal cell, the sixth much prolonged, and the seventh en- 

 larged, whilst, on the hindwings, the two costal spots, are united together, 

 forming a costal streak. Buckstone exhibited, at a meeting of the South 

 London Entom. Society (Proc. South Lond. Ent. Soc, 1899, p. 109), an 

 example with the spots on the undersurface of the inner margin of the 

 forewings elongated towards the base of the wings, taken at Beckenham, 

 August, 1886. Miss Fountaine records the capture of a $ , at Broussa, 

 in August, 1903, which had the submarginal row of black spots on the 



