390 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



in a row, right down on the inner margin. Fifth instar : The last 

 skin is plentifully studded, not only with black hairs, but with brilliant 

 white points, of which there are over fifty, above lateral flange, on one 

 side of an abdominal segment ; they are nearly as numerous below. 

 The hairs are very numerous, more than a hundred on one side above 

 spiracle ; they cannot be recognised as in a group, but are fairly equally 

 distributed. The marginal set are, however, thicker and longer, and 

 those of vi and vii are still grouped ; lenticles are abundant. The 

 pads of prolegs carry fourteen to sixteen hooks, and there are five to 

 eight in the inner marginal set of small ones; those on the pads are in 

 two or three sizes ; on the claspers the two pads have about sixteen and 

 twenty-five hooks. There is no trace of subsegmentation, nor of 

 oblique lateral stripes, as seemed to be promised in the first and second 

 instars. There is not only nothing that would attract attention as a 

 double dorsal flange, but it is difficult to persuade oneself that it still 

 exists even theoretically. The upper surface of the larva is rounded from 

 one lateral flange to the opposite, and is much higher than in the larva of 

 Chrysophanus var. rutilus, and, consequently, much less suggests a slug- 

 like form. Thegeneralskin-surfacehasaveryfinetessellatedreticulation, 

 without anything like skin-points. Skin-points, however, exist on the fine 

 membrane forming the neck ; they are extremely fine and close together, 

 and almost colourless. This neck is about as long as the head, just 

 enough to enable the head to be invaginated within the prothorax, 

 with a little assistance from the incurving of the skin margin. Except, 

 perhaps, in the first part of its first instar, the larva cannot be said to 

 burrow at all, as those of many Lycsenids do, so that this structure can here 

 be of no use for that purpose, it is not much longer than in many other 

 (non-Lycsenid) larva?. The true legs are pale ochreous. The widths 

 of the head at the several instars are, approximately, first 0'24mm., 

 second O40mm., third 0-60mm., fourth 0-90mm., fifth l-35mm., giving 

 a ratio of enlargement at each moult of two to three, a trifle more at 

 the first moult (Chapman. May 14th, 1906). The fullfed larva is 

 15'7mm. in length, thick in proportion, somewhat onisciform, but with- 

 out any dorsal ridges or hollows ; the back curved, sloping on the sides, 

 and at each end, where it tapers a little. The prothorax is rather longer 

 than the others, bilobed at its front margin, the sides dilated a little 

 below the spiracular region ; the segments very well defined by close and 

 moderately deep divisions ; the belly flat, or rather hollow ; the head 

 very small, and hidden beneath the projecting lobes of the prothorax, 

 as are all the legs beneath the body. The head is pale brown in colour, 

 with a darker brown spot at the base of the papilla?, and just above the 

 mouth a thin streak of darker brown runs across ; the skin of the body 

 is green and velvety, irrorated with minute flesh-coloured dots, each 

 emitting a light brown, shortish, fine bristle ; there is a faint 

 appearance of a brownish dorsal line, the spiracles are flesh-coloured 

 and tolerably distinct ; on the prothorax is a fine flesh-coloured dorsal 

 line, rather sunk between the lobes ; all the legs and prolegs pinkish 

 flesh-colour (Buckler). Quiescent stage preceding pupation : The color- 

 ation still marked — dorsal area red, subdorsal bright green, with pinkish 

 lavender where they blend ; these are olive-green when seen laterally, 

 rather pink when seen dorsally down to spiracles, beneath the latter pink, 

 especially bright along flange ; the pink below front segments tends to be 

 more olive (Chapman. May 16th, 1906. Pupated May 18th). Newman 



