392 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



December 17th, 1865, he found a number of caterpillars of phlaeas 

 feeding on dock and " ragwort." [One suspects " ragwort " to be a 

 mistake. Boie records Poa annua, an evident error.] 



Parasites. — Ichneumon versabilis attacks the larva, and emerges 

 from the pupa; one emerged fifteen days after pupation (Scudder). 



Pupa. — 11mm. long, 6'25mm. wide in the thickest part of the 

 abdomen ; very thick and dumpy in appearance, the depression 

 between the thorax and abdomen slight ; wing-cases rather long, but 

 not projecting; the abdomen turned down near the blunt tip; the 

 parts around the head rounded. Of usual Lycaenid type ; pale brown 

 in colour, with reddish tinge, freckled with darker brown, distinct 

 reddish to black-brown mediodorsal line. Neuration outlined on wings 

 pale. Thorax broadly margined with blackish ; the abdomen with 

 three rows of black dots on each side, those of middle row the largest ; 

 spiracles oval and flesh-coloured ; surface of wings and legs smooth, 

 other parts covered with short trumpet-hairs., Dorsalview: The prothorax 

 large and prominent, forming the anterior edge. The first spiracle 

 some distance from antenna, with a pale, prominent lip ; a slightly 

 raised mediodorsal ridge on thorax ; the metathorax narrow medially, 

 wide laterally. The 1st thoracic segment slightly depressed; the 2nd, 

 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th abdominal segments well developed and 

 moderately straight, the remainder curved gradually backward 

 (ventrally). Each abdominal segment slightly depressed in anterior 

 part. A row of supraspiracular black dots on either side, one 

 above each spiracle. Lateral view : The antenna comes up and 

 crosses the front part of the head and ends on the frons. The 

 glazed eye, ventral to antenna. The 1st spiracle, prominent, in line 

 of separation of meso- and prothorax, some distance from antenna. 

 Base of wing slightly raised ; with the inner and outer marginal edges 

 smooth. The wing dark brownish with pale neuration marks, the 

 latter not reaching outer margin of wing ; the hindwing scarcely 

 traceable, but just evident at base and anal angle. The spiracles 

 on the 2nd to 7th abdominal segments conspicuous, that on 1st 

 abdominal segment under the wing, on the 8th abdominal segment 

 aborted. A row of small, black, supraspiracular dots. Cremaster blunt 

 with red hooks. Ventral view: Head rounded, bounded anteriorly and 

 laterally by the antennae, the bases of which unite in the middle of the 

 frontal line. The maxillae comparatively short, ending about two- 

 thirds down the length of the wing. The first pair of legs wide at top, 

 covering base of second pair, and ending at about two- thirds down 

 maxillae ; the second pair reaching nearly to end of maxillae. The 

 antennae, separated by width of pupa at head, are in contact below 

 maxillae, and extend beyond tips of wings; antennae faintly segmented ; 

 surface of legs and maxillae mottled. Raised transverse ridge extends 

 from the antenna on one side to antenna on other, and forms boundary 

 of maxillae and first pair of legs. Glazed eye lunular, depressed, 

 black, with brownish raised margin, extends from base of first pair of 

 legs to antennae. Wing very slightly protuberant just above base, 

 transversely depressed in centre owing to cincture ; streaked longitudi- 

 nally with pale and dark brown, the paler lines showing neuration. 

 The antennae pressed into the 5th abdominal segment, the remaining 

 abdominal segments much contracted. The cremaster rounded, blunt, 

 made up of two ill -developed lateral ridges, sparingly covered along the 



