CHKYSOPHANUS. 415 



was restricted in 1841, by Westwood, to phlaeas, hippothoe, dispar, and 

 virgaureae.. The type was fixed in 1875 by Scudder, in his Generic 

 Revision, etc., p. 141, as hippothoe, Linne, and confirmed by the same 

 author (Butterflies of New England, ii., p. 972), where he describes, in 

 detail, the genus Chrysophanus, as follows : — 



Imago. — Head moderately large, densely clothed with scales and rather 

 abundantly supplied with long, curving hairs of equal length in all parts. Front 

 ■even, not swollen in any part, except in the least possible degree in the middle 

 below, where it barely surpasses the front of the eyes ; half as high again as broad, 

 and of the width of the eye on a front view ; upper border marked by the faintest 

 possible transverse ridge, iis angles rather deeply hollowed in front of the antennae; 

 lower border rather strongly, not broadly, rounded. Vertex slightly elevated in the 

 middle and at either side, to form low buttresses behind the antennae ; separated 

 from the occiput by a broad, rather deep, slightly curving sulcation, having a slight 

 pit in the middle, which affects the height of the occiput just behind. Eyes not very 

 large, moderately full, naked. Antennae inserted with the posterior border in the 

 middle of the summit, separated by a space equal to the width of the basal joint of 

 the antennae ; nearly, or quite, half as long a^ain as the abdomen, composed of 

 thirty-three joints, of which thirteen form the depressed cylindrical club, which is 

 two and" a half times broader than the stalk, five times longer than broad, increases 

 very gradually in size at the base, is equal for most of its length, and bluntly 

 pointed at the extremity, three or four joints entering into the diminution of size. 

 Palpi slender, fully half as long again as the eye, the middle joint tapering only on 

 the apical third, the terminal joint more than half as long as the penultimate, and 

 clothed with recumbent scales only, while the others are densely scaled, especially 

 below, and furnished with a heavy fringe of very long, projecting, hairs. Patagia 

 very long and slender, somewhat arched, and slightly tumid, nearly, or quite, four 

 times as long as broad, tapering on the basal half, the apical half about one-third 

 the width of the base, equal or very slightly enlarging, nearly straight, the tip 

 broadly rounded ; upper border not excavated. Forewing two-thirds as long again 

 as broad, the costal margin slightly and equally curved at base and tip, the middle 

 two-thirds nearly straight ; outer margin very broadly and uniformly rounded, 

 having such a general direction as to form an angle of about 65° with the costal 

 margin, the angle rounded off ; inner border scarcely concave on the basal two- 

 thirds, the angle well-rounded. Costal vein terminating some distance before the 

 tip of the cell, subcostal with three branches, first arising a little ( ^ ), or somewhat 

 ( $ ), beyond the middle of the upper border of the cell ; second about two-thirds 

 ( <? ), or nearly three-fifths ( $ ), the distance from the origin of the first branch to 

 the tip of the cell ; third at the apex of the cell, its forks originating midway ( <$ ), 

 or a little less than midway ( ? ), from the tip of the cell to the apex of the wing ; 

 cross veins transverse, obsolete except next the main veins ; cell rather less than 

 half the length of the wing, and three-and-half times as long as broad. Hindwings 

 with the costal margin broadly and roundly expanded next the base, beyond nearly 

 straight, near the apex sloping off towards the outer margin, sooner and more 

 abruptly in the $ than in the ? . Outer margin rather broadly and regularly 

 rounded, fuller, especially on the upper half, in the ? than in the s ; inner border 

 abruptly and considerably expanded at the base, beyond straight or scarcely convex, 

 scarcely emarginate for a short space next the tip, the angle rounded off. Sub- 

 median nervure terminating at the anal angle ; internal nervure terminating 

 considerably beyond the middle of the inner margin. Fore tibiae less than three- 

 fourths ( $ ), or about five-sixths ( ? ), the length of the hind tibiae, the spurs naked; 

 the tarsi either nearly equalling the tibiae ( ? ), or from three-quarters to four-fifths 

 their length ( d ) ; terminal joint of fore tarsi either like that of the other legs ( ? ) ; 

 or small and tapering, feebly divided by faint impressed lines into simulations of 

 joints, the tip armed with only a single apical hook, differing from the spines which 

 crowd up to it only in being longer and a little more curved ; furnished above with 

 short dense hairs, instead of scales ( <? ). All the femora provided with a fringe of 

 rather close long hairs on the undersurface. Middle tibiae either as long as (?) or 

 a little shorter than ( j ) the hind tibiae, rather abundantly armed beneath, and to 

 a slight extent on the sides, with not very long but slender spines, and at the apex 

 with a pair of moderately short and slender spurs scaled nearly to the tip. First 

 joint of tarsi fully equalling the others together, the next three diminishing in 

 regular ratio, the fifth equal to the second ; the joints furnished very abundantly 

 beneath, with very long and rather slender spines, excepting on the basal joint, mostly 

 •collected upon the sides, and in a naked field ; an apical pair on each joint longer 



