CHRYSOPHANUS DISPAR. 429 



row of seven between the centre and the hindmargin, which is broader 

 than that of the male. The outer row of spots are elongated, like those 

 of Lye aena avion, but vary somewhat in size, and I have a specimen in 

 which the two middle spots of this row are larger than the rest. The 

 hindwings of this sex are of a brown-black above, much irrorated with 

 copper, the veins being copper-coloured, and running into a broad copper 

 band near the hinder extremity, the edge itself being brown, with six 

 triangular black-brown spots extending into the copper band, and giving 

 it a lobed appearance. The hindwings of some specimens are almost 

 black, and, being hardly irrorated with copper at all, the broad copper 

 band stands forth very distinctly. I have one grand variety, almost 

 black, with the markings much suffused. Mr. Sidebotham had a 

 variety of the opposite extreme, being of a silvery-white, like the 

 var. schmidtii ( — alba) of C. phlaeas." Giard notes that a large variety 

 approaching dispar, and similar to the specimens of the first brood 

 found in the Bordeaux region, occurs in the Somme district. Of these 

 Bordeaux specimens, Brown notes (Le Naturaliste, 1880, no. 23, p. 180) 

 that the examples of the second brood are not at all remark- 

 able, agreeing with those described and figured by Godart, whilst 

 the specimens of the first brood answer in size and brilliancy of 

 colour almost exactly with the two figures that Duponchel gives of 

 P. dispar, and the difference is so insignificant as to be almost 

 imperceptible. Gaschet says that, although the Bordeaux examples 

 are like dispar, there is some little difference, but Brown states 

 that he cannot see any real difference, and curiously suggests 

 that English dispar were simply specimens of the first brood, 

 whilst those of the second, being small and incomparably less beautiful, 

 were not required, and so not collected. Verity observes (Ent., xxxvii., 

 pp. 56-7) that, of three specimens captured in the small marshes that 

 extend along the coast of Tuscany, the two ? s he possesses, differ 

 strikingly from specimens from Modena and other localities, by their 

 smaller size (one not being larger than a good-sized pldaeas), and by the 

 minuteness of the spots on the forewings (see Ent., xxxvii., pi. iv.,fig. 12). 

 This specimen looks very like the small second-brood examples of the 

 species from Hungary, Servia, etc. Fleck notes(Lep. Rum aniens,^. 16): "In 

 Koumania, the spring specimens are generally far larger than those of 

 the second generation, from which they also differ somewhat in colour. 

 This large spring Roumanian form, of which the females reach 42mm. in 

 wing expanse, has been named vernalis by Hormuzaki ; the 2 form, sagit- 

 tifera, of which two examples have been taken at Kloster Neamtz, may 

 possibly be referred to the var. auratus" Riihl also reports the specimens 

 taken in the Province of Saxony as being very large. On the other hand, 

 Blachier says (in litt.) : " The specimens taken byRehfous at Glanon- 

 sur-Saone, in August, 1905, were of small size, expanding only 30mm.- 

 31mm." He further says that he "also possesses, from near Bordeaux, a 

 very small specimen of only 26mm. expanse, whilst Verity has recorded 

 one of only 25mm. from Spezia." He further adds that all the French 

 examples he has seen have been " of small size, usually 30mm. or less, 

 whilst examples taken near Berlin at the end of June, 1901, were much 

 larger, the largest #• measuring 35mm., the largest 2 40mm." 

 Blachier then observes that a pair coming from the Altai mts., have a 

 similar appearance and shape to the German examples, the $ with a 

 well-marked black spot in the middle of the discoidal cell of the upper 



