CHEYSOPHANUS DISPAR. 435 



of the same brood at the end of August, 1905. Zobel's specimens were 

 smaller, but did not differ in colour and markings on the upperside of 

 the forewings from those of the first brood, but the underside of the 

 hindwings, however, was of a rather blackish blue-grey colour, the 

 marginal eye-spots on the underside of the forewings somewhat 

 elongated into streaks, whilst the base had a second ocellated spot. 

 Riihl observes that the specimens taken near Magdeburg, in Saxony, 

 are very large. Gillmer has a Magdeburg $ of 87mm. expanse, and 

 a $ of 43mm. 



|8. ab. sagittifera, Horm., " Soc. Ent.," viii., p. 58 (1893); Carad., "Iris," 

 viii., p. 35 (1893). — There is a remarkable and not rare aberration of this autumnal 

 form, which I caught in. abundance in the year 1890, in Crasna, and in 1892, in 

 Gurahumora (Bucovina), which deserves special notice. I call it ab. sagittifera. 

 As the name itself indicates, in this aberration, all the black spots of the forewings 

 are strongly lengthened inwards into arrow-head marks, so that the two spots 

 in the cells between the third median nervule and the lower margin, and the 

 upper and lower margins, are confluent with the discoidal spot (Hormuzaki). 



Caradja says (Iris, viii., p. 35) that, in Roumania, P. dispar var. 

 rutilus takes the place of virgaureae, and flies in numbers everywhere 

 in the meadows and pastures, and by the roadside ditches. He 

 says : " I took it near Kloster Neamtz, Agapia, Grumazesti, Peatra, 

 Hango, Bacau, and JSlanic, up to 900m. elevation. It has also been 

 observed near J assy (Coll. Leon), Dulcesti (Hormuzaki), Comanesti 

 (Leon), Bucharest (Haberhauer). The first generation flies in June ; 

 the specimens are, on the average, far larger than the examples of 

 the second generation, from which they also, besides, differ in coloration. 

 Hormuzaki named this large spring form var. gen. 1, vernalis 

 (Soc. Ent., viii., pp. 58, 130), the $ s of which measure up 

 to 42mm. The second generation, he says, flies from August 17th 

 up to October. One meets the 2 s very frequently on thistles and 

 Centaurea flowers ; the $ s fly uncommonly quickly, going straight 

 ahead, and very seldom settle. As, during flight, they flap the wings 

 together, the brilliant red of the upperside flashes only for the briefest 

 moment in the observer's eye, and the insect is again immediately lost 

 to sight. In the $ s of the first, as well as of the second, generation, 

 the upperside of the hindwings up to the sharply margined red hind- 

 marginal band is quite dark, and without any red admixture, just as 

 in the var. aitralus, Leech, from the Amur district and the Korea. The 

 $ ab. sagittifara, Horm., of which I took two examples near Kloster 

 Neamtz, would be best placed under var. auratus. In this beautiful 

 form the golden -red colour of the forewings is mostly darker than in 

 var. rutilus, and the black spots are much elongated towards the base 

 in wedge-like forms. The hindwings up to the red hindmarginal band 

 are always intense black-brown. There are, in Staudinger's coll., 

 two typical ab. sagittifera, from Taschkend and Lepsa. The species is 

 widely distributed in all the surrounding countries." 



y. ab. nigrolineata, Verity, "Ent.," xxxvii., p. 57 (1904). — I propose this 

 name for a new aberration, of which I have a specimen collected near Modena, 

 September 6th, 1900. It may be said to correspond with the ab. radiata, Tutt, of 

 C. pJilaeas, having on the forewings each of the black spots of the subterminal row 

 greatly increased in size and prolonged across the submarginal brown band to the 

 base of the cilia. On tbe hindwings the black dots are so enlarged and lengthened as 

 to fill up entirely the internervular space up to the edge of the coppery band. The 

 copper-colour also differs greatly on the forewing from that of type, as it is thickly 

 strewn with scales, which give it a much richer reddish tone. These scales are in 

 every respect similar to those that may be seen very thinly strewn here and there 

 on the forewings of some ? specimens of var. rutilus. On the underside of the 



