436 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



forewing each spot of the submarginal row is greatly prolonged outwardly and ends 

 in a sharp point, which, in the case of the last three spots, blends itself with the 

 corresponding small black dots plainly visible in the type on the inner edge of the 

 hind marginal grey border. The hindwings have nearly no blue at the base (Verity). 



Verity's reference to B. j)hlaeas ab. radiata, Tutt, is very wide of 

 the mark, as the latter is a purely hindwing aberration (see anted, 

 p. 369). His description suggests a very close similarity with the 

 following form, ab. radiata, Obth. 



d. ab. radiata, Obth., "Variation chez Lepidopteres," p. 8, pi. v., fig. 69 

 (1896). Rutilus ab., Beb., " Ann. Nat. Hofm. Wien.," xix., p. 180 (1901).— The 

 insect occurs at St. Quentin, where the examples approach in size the extinct form 

 from England but without the latter's brilliancy. The> only aberration that we 

 possess is that figured pi. v., no. 69. It is the butterfly mentioned by Bellier 

 de la Chavignerie (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 185S, p. 306) with this notice : ' $ . 

 — The ocellated spots on the underside replaced on all four wings by long, very 

 thick, black streaks. Germany.' (Oberthur, Variation chez Lepidopteres, 

 pp. 8-9). 



Oberthiir's figure shows a most remarkable aberration, with a series 

 of longitudinal streaks, from 2mm. -4mm. in length, running round all 

 four wings parallel to the margin, formed by the union of the 

 angulated and outer marginal series of dots by black transverse lines. 

 The spots on the rest of the wings are remarkably small. Rebel notes 

 a $ from Dervent that corresponds with the ab. confiuens of C. hip- 

 pothoe, diagnosed by Staudinger (Cat., 3rd ed., p. 74) as " punctis 

 subtus conrluentibus." 



e. var. auratus, Leech, " Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.," p. 414, pi. xxxv., fig. 3 

 (1887) ; Alph. "Bom. Mem.," v., p. 103 (1889) ; Staud., "Bom. Mem.," vi., pp. 

 154-5 (1892); Leech, "Butts. China," ii., p. 397, pi. xxviii., figs. 4-6 (1893-4). 

 Biihl, "Pal. Gross-Schmett,," L, pp. 210, 745 (1892) ; Tutt, "Brit. Butts.," p. 150 

 (1896) ; Staud. and Beb., " Cat.," 3rd ed., p. 73 (1901) ; Lang, " Ent.," xxxvhi., p. 

 124 (1905). Hippothoe, Brem. and Grey, " Schmett. Nord. China," p. 10 (1853). 

 Rutilus, Fixsen, " Bom. Mem.," hi., p. 283 (1887). Dakurica, Graes., " Berl. Ent. 

 Zeits.," p. 75(1888). — -Expanse of wings, c? , If inches, ? , li inches, d* . — Upper sur- 

 face of all the wings bright golden copper, with narrow black outer margins, fringes 

 black, except on the inner margin of the hindwings ; on the outer margins of the 

 hindwings are six black dots, the two nearest the anal angle being nearer together 

 than the others. 2 . — Forewings golden copper, much suffused with darker scales, 

 margined broadly on the outer border with black; two black discoidal spots, 

 followed by a band of broad black dashes, extending across the wing ; hindwing 

 sooty-black, bordered by a broad golden copper band notched at the edges. 

 Underside of both sexes : — Forewings yellowish-buff, bordered on the outer margin 

 with dirty grey, inside of which is a row of seven very distinct black spots ; on the 

 disk is a second irregular row of black spots ; there are three spots in the discoidal 

 cell, the outer one of which is the largest. Hindwings greyish-buff, outwardly 

 margined by a broad orange band, bordered on each side with a row of black 

 dots ; an irregular arrangement of black spots, margined with dirty white, is 

 scattered over the remainder of the wing. I took this species, during heavy rain, 

 at rest on stems of a coarse grass in a swampy gully near the monastery of 

 Chang- Do, about twenty-five miles south of Gensan, in July, 1886. This species 

 is allied to P. dispar, but its colour resembles ochimus ; the fringes are black, 

 the discoidal spots are absent on all the wings of the male, the female has a row 

 of dashes on the forewings instead of spots, and the disk of the hindwings is 

 not suffused with copper; the underside is also different (Leech). [Later he 

 writes : " Alpheraky states that a specimen of this variety was taken in June, 1886, 

 by Potanine, near He-Tchen, in the province of Kansou. He also remarks that 

 the specimens of C. dispar recorded by Fixsen, from Corea, as var. rutilus are 

 really referable to var. auratus. Staudinger considers that var. daliurica, Graeser, 

 is identical with my var. auratus. It would appear, therefore, that C. dispar is 

 represented in east Asia by the auratus form only, and I think that the specimens 

 recorded as P. hippothoe by Bremer and Grey are probably referable to this form 

 of dispar " (Leech).] 



Staudinger diagnoses this eastern form as : " $ supra impunctatus, 



