CHKYSOPHANUS DISPAR. 439 



leaves the egg, it gnaws out a circular hole at the apex, extending to 

 the six cells surrounding the micropylar depression, giving the figure 

 of a six-sided crown. As a rule, the 2 lays its eggs in July, from 

 one to four on a leaf, and where a greater number is found, one may 

 rely ou the fact that more than one 2 has oviposited on the same leaf. 

 This frequently happens owing to the cutting clown of the foodplant in 

 July, and the consequent limitation of the leaves on which eggs may 

 be laid. Bartel says that he has found up to twelve on the underside 

 of a leaf (Gillmer). Ova laid singly, more rarely in pairs, or three 

 together, on the undersurface of the leaves of the foodplant. Before 

 emergence the larva eats out a large hole from the centre of the egg, 

 consuming the micropylar pit and parts of the ribs, but after leaving 

 the egg, it does not eat any further portion. The shell, when the larva 

 has left it, plainly shows the great contrast that exists between the 

 stout walls of the egg and its base, or floor. This latter is very thin 

 and transparent, allowing the surface of the leaf on which it is laid to 

 be seen through it (Sich). Nicholson notes (in Hit.) that he sleeved, 

 a 2 taken June 11th, 1892, at Budafok, over a piece of Uumex 

 hydrola path urn, and placed it in the sunshine; although the 2 was 

 rather worn and had deposited most of her ova, she laid a dozen on 

 June 12th-13th. These hatched on June 20th. 



Ovum. — This singular egg is semi-tiarate, very depressed above, flat 

 below (except when it fills a depression in the leaf on which it is laid). 

 On the upper surface, in the centre, is a deep pit, at the bottom of 

 which the micro pyle lies. The vertical axis in the centre of the egg 

 only measures 026mrn., but the ribs rise, above this, to a total height 

 of 0'35mm. At the base of the egg the horizontal axis measures 

 06Gmm. The central pit, or cell, above mentioned is more or less 

 circular, about 0-13mm. in diameter, and furnished with a very strong- 

 wall. On the inner side of this wall there is, occasionally, a ring of 

 small shallow cells. From this wall run either six or seven very strong 

 irregular ribs, which increase rapidly in bulk as they approach the 

 periphery. [With regard to the variation in the number of ribs 

 present in the egg, it is not a question of one 2 laying six-ribbed eggs, 

 and another laying seven-ribbed eggs, as I have dissected out of the 

 same 2 both six- and seven -ribbed eggs.] The interspaces between 

 these coarse wide ribs are occupied by a series of three, very large, very 

 deep, more or less circular, cells, placed one above another, the upper- 

 most cells, about O08mm. in diameter, forming a ring of either six or 

 seven cells, according to the number of the ribs, round the micropylar 

 pit. The middle cells of the series are larger, about 013mm. in 

 diameter, and form a ring of either six or seven cells round the egg, 

 below the first-mentioned ring. Below this ring is the third ring of 

 cells, of the same number, and about the same size as the first ring. 

 This last, or lowest, ring is close to the base of the egg. Below the^-e 

 cells the ribs have become so broad, that they are joined together, form- 

 ing the uninterrupted basal portion of the wall of the egg. The whole 

 surface of the egg shows a rough, irregular, cellular structure. The 

 small rosette, about 003mm. in diameter, is composed of five more or 

 less pear-shaped cells radiating from a common centre. It cannot be 

 called neat, but is in keeping with the somewhat coarse moulding of 

 the rest of the egg. The cells surrounding the micropyle, and running 

 up the sides of the pit, are numerous, and of roundish shape, but they 



