CHKYSOPHANUS DISPAR. 441 



of fringe round the edge of the body. Viewed dorsally, the ground 

 colour is of a bright yellow-green tint, with a slightly darker medio- 

 dorsal line running the whole length of the body, more marked on 

 the thoracic segments. The skin is covered with a large number of 

 minute whitish points, giving rise to what appear to be bulbous-tipped 

 hairs, whilst a large number of longer dark hairs arise from the 

 skin-surface. The frontal portion of the body is much thicker than 

 the hinder, rapidly increasing in height from the prothorax to the 1st 

 and 2nd abdominal segments, then slowly decreasing its height until 

 the anal segment makes a somewhat flattened, rounded projection 

 compared with the preceding segment. The segmental incisions are 

 very well exhibited. Viewed laterally, the rapid rise from the front 

 to the 2nd abdominal, dorsally, is very conspicuous, as also the slow 

 fall from the 2nd abdominal to the anal segment. The spiracles are 

 conspicuous, of pale yellow or orange tint, inclining to flesh colour in 

 those of the 7th and 8th abdominal segments, the rims darker, the inner 

 part much "paler, the larva expanding noticeably when respiration is active ; 

 the prothoracic spiracle is placed well back in the incision between the 

 prothorax and mesothorax; all the other spiracles placed well up on the 

 segments and rather towards the front of the segments. When 

 crawling, the larva has a very different appearance ; its small pale 

 bone-coloured head is protruded tortoise-like, but never quite clear 

 of the overhanging prothorax, into which it retracts its head at the 

 least disturbance ; the prothorax is, even now, the most prominent 

 frontal part, and there is very little difference in the appearance of the 

 thickness of the segments, the body being elongated in such a manner 

 as to lose the extra thickness observable at the 1st and 2nd abdominal 

 segments when at rest, and to be of almost uniform thickness from 

 the prothoracic to the 8th abdominal, thus gaining a certain cylindrical 

 appearance not to be observed at any other time. The prothorax exhibits 

 a considerable depression dorsally, tending to a flattening of the seg- 

 ment, and thus making the anterior and posterior parts of the body some- 

 what alike. The colouring appears to be entirely beneath the 

 skin, and due to the contents, the segmental incisions giving the 

 appearance of a series of curves coming from side to side and directed 

 forwards ; the last effective incision is that between the 6th and 7th 

 abdominal segments, the 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th abdominal segments 

 being almost welded together, the incisions very indistinct, and the 

 10th segment considerably flattened. In crawling, too, there is a 

 very distinct subspiracular flange, formed of a rather deep longitu- 

 dinal depression between two outstanding upper and lower elements, 

 the latter of which, on either side, flattens out against the resting- 

 surface, hiding the prolegs and true legs when the larva comes to rest. 

 It has a slow slug-like crawl, the venter kept very flat against the surface, 

 moving very slowly, stretching out its head in an enquiring way when in 

 doubt, and then showing up its black ocelli, the mouth-parts, which are 

 tinged with dark brown, and the true legs of a pale bone colour, with the 

 terminal hooks brown ; at such times the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd abdominal 

 segments, as well as the thoracic, can be held almost at right angles to 

 the rest of the body. Just above the spiracles, when the larva is crawling, 

 there is a depression on the 2nd- 6th abdominal segments, which tends to 

 give a still more marked appearance of uniform diameter to the larva 

 (Tutt). Of five of these larvaa sent to Chapman, he writes (June 9th, 1906): 

 " The larvae are more markedly ' limaciform ' than those of any other 



