85 Ueber die Entwickelung der Mesenterien, der Leberligamente und der Leberform bei den Lungenfischen. 



':'-. 



„A strong ventral, as well as a dorsal mesentery, attaches the intestine to the body-walls. The 

 former is incomplete, one or two fenestrae being present in its anterior part." 



„The mesogastrium is much more delicate than the mesentery proper, and is also more incomplete. 

 Peritoneal folds connect the liver with the body-wall laterally, and these, like those in relation with the 

 stomach and urogenital organs, give rise to a sponglike meshwork of connective tissue, which extends 

 throughout the coelome between the body-walls and the viscera. The arrangement and structure of the 

 Peritoneum appears to be very similar to that seen in Lepidosiren (Hyrtl, 1845) and Ceratodw (Günther, 

 1871); its visceral layer is especially thick and strong" (1. c. p. 139 und 140). 



Ueber die Mesenterien des erst in späterer Zeit entdeckten australischen Lungenfisches, des Ceratodus 

 forsteri Krefft, schreibt Günther (1872) Folgendes: „This large intestinal sac 1 ) is fixed by a ligament 

 to the ventral surface of the cavity ; this very peculiar ligament commences from the first turn of the 

 spiral valve, and is continued to the end of the intestine, fixing it, not exactly along the median line of 

 the abdomen, but somewhat to the right hand of it. It is a very strong ligament, and, behind, firm like 

 a tendon; there is a slit in it, on the level of the pelvis, allowing of communication between the two 

 sides of the abdominal cavity. The ventral portion of the upper part of the intestine is without mesenteric 

 ligament. — On its dorsal side the intestine is fixed by its attachments to various organs thus, along the 

 median line, to the smooth band"of the lung; more towards the side a portion of the testicles or ovaries 

 adheres so firmly to the intestine that it is difficult to separate them." 



Ueber die Ceratodus- Leber und ihre Ligamente schreibt derselbe Autor: „The liver lies immediately 

 below the diaphragm, to which it is attached only in the neighbourhood of the large vessels penetrating 

 the diaphragm ; its upper lobe is thin and short, covering the uppermost part of the intestine, and sub- 

 divided in the middle by the very large and pear-shaped gall-bladder, which thus occupies the median line 

 of the abdomen. This upper lobe is connected by a narrow bridge with a lateral triangulär lobe lying on 

 the right side of the intestine; it is also thin, and its tapering posterior end is firmly attached to the 

 extremity of the testicle or ovary of the same side. The liver has no other attachment to the intestine, 

 except at the place where the ductus choledochus enters the wall of the latter" (1. c. p. 543). 



In einem besonderen Capitel über die Leber des Ceratodus schreibt Günther : „Its texture is 

 spongious, not dense, in consequence of the great width of all the venous and biliferous cavities and ducts 

 in its interior ; certain portions may be inflated like the lung of a mammal. The gall-bladder is very large, 

 pear-shaped, and continued into the ductus choledochus, which is rather wide in its commencement, and 

 enters by a small opening below the pyloric valve on the right side of the ventral wall of the abdomen. 

 In order to reach this spot, the ductus choledochus has to traverse a rather long course below the mucous 

 membrane of the stomach. Of the ductus hepatici, one, coming from the lateral lobe of the liver, and 

 running nearly along the entire length near to the inner surface of the lobe is particularly conspicuous. 

 These ducts are collected into one trunk, which enters the ductus choledochus in the upper half of its 

 course, before it has reached the wall of the stomach. The common opening of the hepatic ducts is much 

 wider than that of the ductus choledochus." 



„The vena cava which ascends along the line of attachment of the peritoneum to the right 

 testicle enters the hindmost extremity of the lateral lobe of the liver; it becomes much wider within this 

 lobe, and penetrates through its substance, through the bridge connecting the two lobes, and through the 

 upper lobe, where it reappears to enter the sinus venosus communis. Its inner walls are perforated by 



1) Der Magen + der Spiraldarm. 



