8 



CAUSTACEA OF ALABAMA. 



abundantly on the English coast and since identified in various places along the shores 

 of the German ocean. Much confusion has existed from the first in the nomenclature of 

 this group resulting, in the first place, from the assumption that the type of the genus 

 Temora is identical with Monoculus finmarchicus of Gunner, falsely identified with 

 Cyclops longicornis of Mueller, and later from the fact that the male of one species has 

 been wedded by our synonomy to the female of a distinct though closely allied form. 



Still later it became evident that two sections could readily be distinguished within 

 the genus which have since then been elevated to generic rank by Claus. Both these 

 groups agree in several characters, such as the following : Head distinct from the thorax, 

 fourth and fifth thoracic segments closely united, frequently only the lateral or pleural 

 portions of the latter being evident, abdomen composed of four segments in the male 

 and three in the female, antennae shorter than the body, twenty-four- (or twenty-five ?) 

 jointed, right male antenna geniculate, inner rami of swimming feet, one- or two-jointed, 

 in the female small, in the male prehensile. As restricted by Claus the genera stand re- 

 lated as shown by the following tabular diagnosis : 



TEMORA. 



Antennae of male 24-jointed, geniculation between 

 joints 18 and 19. Maxillae and maxillipeds rather 

 large. 



First foot with 2-jointed inner ramus. 



Fifth feet i-branched, the left in the male 3-jointed, 

 dactylate, right 2-jointed, unguicuVate, in the female 

 apparently 2-jointed. 



Habit, marine. 



Sp. 1. T. longicaudatA, Lubbock (= T. finmar- 

 chica, Baird, etc. ) Angle of last abdominal seg- 

 ment rounded, left foot of 5th pair in male 3 jointed, 

 with a long, immovable process on the first joint, the 

 two remaining forming an apposible clasper, anten- 

 nae as long as whole body. (North Sea.) 



Sp. 2. T. armaia, Claus. Angle of last abdomi- 

 nal segment produced forward, left foot of 5th pair 

 in the male with the terminal joint expanded into a 

 plate, antenna reaching nearly to end of the abdo- 

 men. (Mediterranean.) 



Sp. 3. T. dubia, Lubbock. (As identified by 

 Brady.) Exactly as in -T. armata*, save that the 

 antennae are said to be about as long as the cephalo- 

 thorax. (Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.) 



*The agreement is So close, even in minute details, that 

 a varietal distinction at the utmost seems demanded. See 

 Clans, Ueber die Gattungen Temora und Temorella, and Brady, 

 Challenger Copepoda. 



TEMORELLA. 



Antennae 24- (25 ?) jointed, geniculation between 

 joints 18 and 19 Maxillae and Maxillipeds quite 

 short. 



First foot with i -jointed inner ramus. 



Fifth feet 1 -branched, both 3-jointed, the left with 

 an expanded apex, the right with a strong claw. 

 in the female obviously 3-jointed, the penultimate 

 segment bearing a strong spine. Habit sub-marine 

 or flluvatile. 



Sp. 1. T. velox, (Lillg. ) Brady, (=T clausii, 

 Hoek. ) Penultimate joint of the 5th foot of female 

 with a single spine externally, caudal stylets 4 to 5 

 times as long as wide and feebly spined. (Scandi- 

 navian and North European coasts. 



Sp. 2. T. affinis, Poppe. Penultimate segment of 

 fifth foot in the female, with two spines externally, 

 caudal stylets 6 to 7 times as long as wide. Segmen- 

 tation of last joints of male antennae more obvious. 

 (Same localities and rivers Rhine, Elbe, etc.) [See 

 below on T. hirundo. ] Poppe very positively de- 

 clares T. clausii to be identical with the T. velox of 

 Lilljeborg, but Claus explains that the male seen by 

 Lilljeborg was T. clausii. As identified by Brady, in 

 England, T. velox evidently corresponds to T. clausii, 

 which should therefore probably yield priority to the 

 older name. 



T. affinis occurs very abundantly in rivers and es- 

 tuaries of, as well as in the Gulf of Mexico. 



