182 New York State Museum 



books that may be read are Arnold ('03), Crowder ('28), 

 Johnstone ('08), Lull ('17, ch. V), Mayer ('11). Gra- 

 bau ('13), while of a more technical nature has certain 

 chapters (III-V, XV, XXVI, XXIX), parts of which 

 will be found very interesting, especially chapters XXVI 

 and XXIX. A number of the many papers on the sub- 

 ject are cited here and will be found both interesting and 

 suggestive. These are Allee ('23), Allen ('21, '27), 

 Brandt ('01), Clark ('25), Dall ('90), Davenport ('03), 

 Haeckel ('93), King and Russell ('09), Michael and 

 Allen ('21), Miner ('13), Murray ('98), Packard ('18), 

 Pearse ('13), Peterson ('18), Pilsbry ('91), Ritter ('09), 

 Shelford and Towler ('25), and Sumner ('08). Many 

 of these papers contain lists of literature, as indicated in 

 the bibliography. Goldring ('22) gives a summary of 

 the effects of decreased salinity on the fauna of the Bal- 

 tic sea today and the Pleistocene fauna of the Champlain 

 valley. Any good textbook of zoology will be found 

 useful. 



