Handbook of Paleontology 189 



from place to place. From columnar sections re- 

 stored sections are made, that is, sections aiming to 

 show the conditions as they existed during the period 

 of formation of the strata. Columnar sections are 

 local geological columns and by matching together 

 such vertical sections a geologic column for the world 

 has been built up showing the succession from the 

 oldest to the youngest beds. A geologic column show- 

 ing the most important formations of New York State 

 will be found below (table 2). Type sections for a 

 formation or formations are constituted by the regions 

 in which the geological formations of a series or sys- 

 tem were first studied and the succession worked out. 

 It is not intended here to give a detailed discussion 

 of all the separate formations found in New York 

 State. It is beyond the scope of a handbook of this 

 nature. Table 1 gives the most important formations 

 grouped as to periods and series and table 2 presents 

 geologic columns of the most important formations 

 in western, west central, central, east central and east- 

 ern New York. Both tables are based upon the Classi- 

 fication of the Geologic Formations of the State of 

 New York (Hartnagel '12). For a detailed table of 

 the formations the student is referred to this work. 

 (See figures 20, 21.) 



