402 New York State Museum 



the upper limit of the Naples fauna in this section. The 

 succeeding Gardeau flags and shales (Hall '40) consist 

 of light bluish gray sandstones and flags separated by 

 beds of blue, olive or black shales and are much like the 

 Hatch shales and flags. The formation (about 400 feet 

 thick), named from the old Indian reservation in the 

 counties of Livingston and Wyoming, extends as far west 

 as Lake Erie. Fossils are rare. Brachiopods of the 

 Ithaca fauna occur in some of the sandstones, pelecypods 

 and cephalopods of the Naples fauna in the soft shales. 

 Eastward appear the West Hill flags and shales (Clarke 

 '03) extending as far as Schuyler county, with a maxi- 

 mum thickness of 550 to 600 feet. They are named from 

 West hill, near Naples, in Ontario county, and are in 

 part the equivalent of the Gardeau. These beds are char- 

 acterized by the Ithaca fauna, though representatives of 

 both faunas occur. Above the Gardeau shales and flags 

 occurs the Nunda sandstone (Vanuxem '42) with a thick- 

 ness of 125 to 215 feet, named from the town of Nunda, 

 Livingston county. This is the "Portage sandstone" of 

 early reports. It consists of light blue-gray sandstone lay- 

 ers, some calcareous to a certain degree, some shaly, with 

 intercalated beds of shale. Westward fossils are very 

 rare and the formation barely reaches Lake Erie. There 

 are a few representatives of the Gardeau fauna. East- 

 ward the formation carries a Chemung fauna and is 

 known as the High Point sandstone (Luther '02) from 

 its occurrence at High Point, near Naples, Ontario 

 county. This formation (85 to 100 feet thick) is known 

 as far east as Chemung county. The Wiscoy sftale (Clarke 

 '99) succeeds the Nunda sandstone with a thickness of 

 about 200 feet of shaly olive beds. The name is from 



