\kw York State 63 



Later in the development of the dairy industry a number of con- 

 densates were established in the dairy sections of northern, cen- 

 tral, and western Xew York. 



As Xew Y'ork City increased in population and there came a 

 demand for a greater supply of milk, the territory supplying the 

 city was enlarged, extending farther throughout the state from 

 year to year, until at present Xew York City receives milk from 

 all the milk-producing counties of the state. Trains leaving west- 

 ern Xew Y'ork one day reach Xew York City the following morn- 

 ing; the same is true of northern Xew Y'ork, each section being 

 about 400 miles distant. As the demand for market milk increased 

 there arose also a greater demand for condensed and evaporated 

 milk. At about the year 1904 powdered milk was introduced. 

 The growing use of these manufactured products, together with 

 the increased demand for liquid milk for city consumption, 

 requires at the present time nearly all the milk produced in the 

 dairies in the state of Xew Y^ork, with the exception of a few 

 months in summer, when the surplus milk is manufactured into 

 cheese and butter. The result has been that the cheese factories 

 and creameries, which at one time handled the greater part of the 

 milk in the state, have grown les9 in number with each year. 

 While in 1900 there were 1,200 cheese factories, there are at 

 present only about 600 cheese factories, besides about 200 cream- 

 erics, including butter factories ; the condensaries have increased 

 to approximately sixty in number and the milk stations, milk 

 platforms, and skimming stations have increased to approximately 

 700. There are also about ten powdered milk plants. 



The cheese and butter factories that operate mostly during the 

 summer months are located principally in the counties of St. 

 Lawrence, Jefferson, and* Lewis in northern Xew York ; Oneida, 

 Madison, Herkimer, and* Otsego in* central Xew York, and Catta- 

 raugus, Allegany, Wyoming, Steuben, Erie, and Chautauqua in 

 western Xew Y^ork. 



When the greater part of the milk produced in the state was 

 handled by the cheese and butter factories, the whey and skim 

 milk were utilized in raising hogs and calves. So many cheese 

 factories having since been replaced, by condensed and powdered 

 milk plants, and large quantities of the liquid milk produced now 



