98 Agricultural Manual 



Coeymans: The surface rises from the river to an upland 200 

 to 400 feet high, broken by ridges GOO to 800 feet in height. The 

 principal streams are Coeymans and Hannacroix creeks. The 

 section of the township lying east of the Helderbergs is made up 

 largely of clay loam soil, while in oilier parts of the township 

 there is a great variety of soil types. In the immediate vicinity 

 of the Helderbergs there is some limestone and back of the 

 mountains the soil varies from clay loam to sandy or stony loam 

 and alluvial soils. In some portions of Coeymans Hollow there 

 are quite extensive areas of alluvial soil. This section contains 

 some of the best orchards in the Hudson valley. 



Products : Fruit and general farm crops and live stock. 

 Average values of farm land range from $10 to $100 an acre. 



Colonik: The surface is principally an upland 300 to 400 

 feet above the river, intersected by shallow ravines formed by 

 several small streams. A fine intervale extends along the Hudson. 

 The soil varies from a light, sandy loam to heavy clay. This town- 

 ship is almost entirely surrounded by cities, Schenectady lying 

 on the north. YYaterford. Cohoes, Troy, and Watervliet on the east,- 

 and Albany on the south and southwest. The effect of this situa- 

 tion on the township is very apparent. It has resulted in making 

 a garden section out of the light clay and sandy loam soils, while 

 the heavy loams and the parts of the township devoted to general 

 farming have been neglected, due partly to the difficulty in keep- 

 ing labor on the farms that lie so close to the city. 



The east side of the township has bright prospects for the future, 

 due not only to its location with respect to the cities, but to 

 the fact that the Hudson River and the Barge and Champlain 

 canals are on its border. The government arsenal at Watervliet 

 is one of the largest in the country. The power from the govern- 

 ment dam at Troy has by recent act of Congress been made avail- 

 able for manufacturing purposes. The northern half of Green 

 Island has been purchased by Henry Ford, who proposes to erect 

 a ten-million-dollar tractor plant. Aside from these two manu- 

 factnrincr establishments there are many others of importance 

 either in operation or under contemplation. Among those in 



