1224 The Vegetable Industry in New York State 



intensive. A great deal of band work is resorted to in cultivat- 

 ing. Companion and succession cropping are developed to a high 

 degree. Large areas of glass are used in the form of cold frames 

 in order that a continuous supply and a large assortment of vege- 

 tables can be marketed during as many months of the year as pos- 

 sible. There are very few forcing houses in the form of green- 

 houses, since much of the land is rented and therefore no perma- 

 nent improvements are made. A great proportion of the gardeners 

 are foreigners — Poles, Italians and Germans. The marketing is 

 usually done personally, by attending the large wholesale and re- 

 tail markets of New York City. The style of the Long Island 

 market wagon is peculiar to this section and parts of New Jersey 

 adjacent to New York. The load of vegetables is usually sold 

 wholesale, sometimes by the load and sometimes by the barrel', 

 bushel or crate. The grower likes to sell his vegetables as soon as 

 possible and return home in order that a day's work can be done. 



The cold frames 

 are used as early 

 in the spring as 

 weather c o n d i- 

 tions permit. 

 Sometimes the 

 seed bed is pre- 

 pared in the fall 

 and left until 

 January or Feb- 

 ruary when seed 

 can be sown. 

 The first early 

 cold frame crops consist mostly of salad plants, such as lettuce, 

 endive and parsley, and such crops as radishes, early beets, carrots, 

 etc. The crops grown in the open ground include vegetables that 

 can be grown commercially in this latitude ; the assortment is very 

 large. Cold frames are also brought to use in the fall and winter 

 by growing such vegetables as beets, parsley, carrots and parsnips 

 in the frames during the fall, and covering them over with glass 

 during severe weather. In this way these crops can be bunched 

 during December and January. 



Fig. 345. Carrots Matured in Cold Frames in the 

 Fall, to be Protected With Glass and Bunched Dur- 

 ing the Winter, Elmhurst, L. I. 



