230 The Story of The Bronx 



were held to commemorate the completion of the road ; and at 

 one of them, the following toast was offered: "The Locomo- 

 tive, the only good motive for riding a man upon a rail." 

 The completion of the railroad gave an impetus to the section 

 through which it passed, and the growth of the Borough 

 may be dated from 1842, the lower portions building up first 

 as being nearer the great city. 



The Harlem Railroad and the New York and New Haven, 

 the latter being the lessee, were supposed to have equal rights 

 in the freight station which both occupied at Centre, White, 

 Franklin, and Elm streets, upon the site now occupied by the 

 Criminal Courts Building, north of the Tombs prison. The 

 New Haven road had a regular passenger station at Broadway 

 and Canal Street, at that time (1840- 1850) near the heart of 

 the city; while the Harlem road transported its passengers 

 in its own street cars to Twenty-seventh Street and Fourth 

 Avenue, where the locomotives of both roads were attached, 

 the heavy coaches of the New Haven road being hauled from 

 Canal Street by teams of four or six horses. 



About July, 1857, the block bounded by Fourth and Madi- 

 son avenues and by Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh streets 

 became the joint passenger station of the two railroads, and 

 continued so until the erection of the Grand Central Station at 

 Forty-second Street. For a number of years previous to the re- 

 moval, the use of steam locomotives was forbidden below Forty- 

 second Street, and both roads were obliged to haul their 

 coaches by four- and six-horse teams up Fourth Avenue, 

 through the Park Avenue tunnel to its upper end, where the 

 trains were made up and the locomotives attached. 



The Legislature of 1869-70 authorized the erection of the 

 Grand Central Station and the tunnel work on Park Avenue 

 above. In the summer of 1870, the Harlem and the Hudson 



