38 Karl M. Wiegand and Arthur J. Eames 



Newf. to Alaska, southw. to Va., Nebr., and Oreg. ; less common on the Atlantic 

 Coastal Plain. Found also in Eurasia. 



5. E. hyemale L., var. affine (Engelm.) A. A. Eaton. (See Schaffner, Amer. Fern 



Journ. 11:65. 1921. E. praealtum Raf., E. hyemale, var. robustum (A. Br.) 

 A. A. Eaton.) Scouring Rush. 



Springy or dry sandy open or shaded banks, in noncalcareous, often alluvial, soils ; 

 frequent. May-Sept. 



Danby, near Fir Tree Swamp; near mouth of Enfield Glen; near Buttermilk 

 Glen; Six Mile Creek (D. in C. U. Herb.!); South Ave., Ithaca; McLean; rail- 

 road n. of Esty Glen; Taughannock; sandy lake shore n. of Lcvanna ; Howland 

 Point; sandy field, Junius. 



Canada to Mex. ; more common e. of the Mississippi River, but infrequent on the 

 Atlantic Coastal Plain. 



The European species, E. hyemale L., and the American variety, affine, do not 

 seem distinct enough to be recognized as separate species, as they are by some authors. 



6. E. scirpoides Michx. 



Stream banks and hummocks in low, mostly coniferous, woods, on gravelly soils; 

 scarce. May-Sept. 



Ravine n. of Buttermilk Glen ; Six Mile Creek, in runs near Potter Falls ; Mud 

 Creek Swamp ; woods along Beaver Brook. 



Lab. to Alaska, southw. to Pa., 111., and B. C. ; rare or absent on the Atlantic 

 Coastal Plain. Found also in Eurasia. 



7. LYCOPODIACEAE (Club-moss Family) 

 1. Lycopodium L. 



a. Sporangia borne in the axils of the normal foliage leaves ; stems not extensively 



creeping, forked. 1. L. lucidulum 



a. Sporangia borne in terminal spikes ; stems often long-creeping, variously branched. 

 b. Sporophylls green and leaf-like; stems julaceous. 2. L. initndatitm 



b. Sporophylls yellowish, much modified, scale-like. 



c. Branches not fan-shaped nor fastigiately branched, julaceous, the slender 

 leaves radiating in all directions. 

 d. Spike solitary, sessile ; leaves more or less reflexed, not bristle-tipped. 

 e. Leaves serrate, thin, rather broad. 3. L. annotinum 



e. Leaves entire or obscurely serrate, firm, narrow. 



3a. L. a., var. acrifolium 

 d. Spikes 1-several, the cluster peduncled ; leaves ascending, bristle-tipped. 



4. L. clavatum 

 c. Branches fan-shaped or fastigiately branched. 



d. Spikes sessile; leaves 3-5 mm. long. 5. L. obscurum 



d. Spikes clustered on a long common peduncle ; leaves strongly decurrent, the 

 free part of the lateral leaves 0.5-2 mm. long, that of the dorsal and ventral 

 leaves smaller ; branches flattened. 

 e. Branchlets (1.5) 2-3 mm. wide, yellowish green; horizontal stems on or 

 near the surface of the ground. 6. L. complanatum, 



var. flabclliforme 

 e. Branchlets 1-1.75 (2) mm. wide, bluish green, more f astigiate ; horizontal 

 stems rather deeply buried in the ground. 7. L. tristachyutn 



1. L. lucidulum Michx. 



Deep damp gravelly or sandy woodlands, mostly under hemlocks, in deep 

 humus over nearly neutral soils; frequent. Aug. Sept. 



