The Flora of the Cayuga Lake Basin 107 



PAGE 



i. Spikes not strongly echinate (due to the shorter or more 

 appressed beaks) ; perigynia triangular-ovoid to broadly 

 ovoid, if occasionally narrower the scales very obtuse ; 

 beaks, scales, spikes, and leaves various. 

 ;'. Scales obtuse, firm, usually colored ; perigynia deltoid- 

 ovoid or oblong-ovoid, thick, with thick margins and walls, 

 weakly nerved and almost or quite nerveless on inner 

 face ; beak short or of medium size, slightly serrulate, 

 obscurely notched; spikes 2-3 (4), contiguous or slightly 



distant ; anthers 0.7-0.9 mm. long 29. C. interior 119 



/. Scales subacute, thin, often hyaline, usually pale; peri- 

 gynia deltoid-ovoid to round-cordate-ovoid, with thinner 

 walls, sharper-edged, and more sharply nerved on both 

 faces; beak and spikes various; anthers 0.9-1.5 mm. long. 

 k. Beak indistinctly serrulate or subentire ; orifice usually 

 obscurely notched; broadest leaves 0.7-1.2 mm. wide; 



spikes 2-3, more or less distant 30. C. Howci 119 



k. Beak distinctly serrulate ; orifice more plainly notched ; 

 broadest leaves 1-2 (2.5) mm. wide; spikes 3-5 mostly 



3-4, usually distinct or distant 31. C. incomperta 119 



i. Spikes strongly echinate ; perigynia generally more rounded at 

 base, ovoid-oval, nerved on both faces ; beak rough, biden- 

 tate ; scales firm, acute ; spikes 5-6 rarely 3 or 7, more or 

 less distant; broadest leaves 1.8-2.5 mm. wide. 



32. C. muricata 120 

 d. Perigynia thin, scale-like, with winged margins. (Ovales.) 

 e. Perigynia 1-2 (2.3 in no. 40) mm. wide, lanceolate to ovoid. 

 /. Sheaths loose ; blade 2.5-8 mm. wide. 

 g. Perigynia (3.5) 4-4.7 mm. long, 1.2-1.5 mm. wide, lanceolate. 

 h. Tips of the perigynia appressed ; inflorescence stiff ; spikes not 

 conspicuously clavate-based. 



i. Spikes approximate 33. C. tribuloides 120 



i. Spikes remote 33a. C. t., var. turbata 120 



h. Tips of the perigynia spreading ; inflorescence flexuous, nodding ; 



spikes clavate-based 34. C. projecta 120 



g. Perigynia 3-3.8 mm. long, 1.2-2 mm. wide, elliptic-ovoid to ovoid. 

 h. Spikes globose, very echinate; perigynia 1.2-1.5 mm. wide, 

 crowded, radiating in all directions from the center. 



35. C. cristata 120 

 h. Spikes ovoid-globose, less echinate, with a coarser appearance ; 

 perigynia 1.8-2 mm. wide, ascending-spreading, not reflexed, 



less numerous 36. C. mirabilis 120 



/. Sheaths close ; blade 0.5-3.5 mm. wide. 



g. Perigynia lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate ; spikes elliptic-ovoid. 

 h. Perigynia 4.1-4.7 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide. 



i. Spikes approximate but not crowded, the lower ones slightly 



separated 37. C. scoparia 120 



t. Spikes all crowded into a dense subglobose head. 



37a. C. s., var. condensa 120 

 i. Spikes scattered, the lower ones remote ; inflorescence more 



or less flexuous 37b. C. s., var. moniliformis 121 



h. Perigynia 3.6-3.8 mm. long, 0.7-1.3 mm. wide. 



38. C. Crawfordii 121 

 g. Perigynia narrowly ovoid to oval (2-4.2 mm. long) ; spikes ovoid 

 or oval. 



