122 Karl M. Wiegand and Arthur J. Eames 



Mackenzie's use of the names C. straminca and C. brevior seems sound, though the 

 matter has not been critically reviewed. 



42. C. foenea Willd. (C. adnsta of Cayuga Fl.) 



Dry open stony places and on ledges of sandstone, apparently in noncalcareous 

 soils ; rare. June. 



Taft Hill (D.) ; hill 1£ miles n. of Caroline Center; Thatcher Pinnacles. 

 Me. to B. C, southw. to Md. ; infrequent on the Atlantic Coastal Plain. 



43. C. alata Torr. 



Swales and marshes, in mucky soils ; locally common. June 25-July 10. 



Confined chiefly to the Ontario plain, and there probably influenced by the brackish 

 conditions : Mud Pond, McLean Bogs ; Salt Pond w. of Howland Island ; Crusoe 

 Prairie ; Westbury Bog ; Mud Pond, Conquest ; Duck Lake ; very common near 

 Tyre; salt fields n. e. of Montezuma village; Montezuma Marshes (!?.); Junius. 



N. H. to Mich, and Fla., mostly along the coast. 



Subgenus 3. Eucarcx 



44. C. torta Boott. 



Close to rapidly running water in gravelly or stony soils along streams, and in 

 other gravelly wet places in calcareous regions ; frequent in nearly all the principal 

 ravines. May. 



E. Que. to Minn., southw. to N. C. and Mo. ; rare or absent on the Coastal Plain. 



45. C. aquatilis Wahl. 



Marl meadows and marly swales; scarce. June-July 15. 



Larch Meadow (D.) ; Dryden Lake (D. in C. U. Herb.) ; McLean Bogs (D. !) ; 

 border of Chicago Bog; Lake Como (Locke Pond, F. L. Kilborne in C. U. Herb.) ; 

 Union Springs (D.) ; Newton Ponds; marshes, Tyre; Miller Bog, Spring Lake. 



Lab. to Alaska, southw. to D. C, Ind., Tex., and in the western mts. Found also 

 in Eurasia. 



This species differs from C. stricta in the stoloniferous habit, nonfibrous lower 

 sheaths, glaucous color, smooth culms, and foliaceous lower bract which much 

 overtops the staminate spike. All the specimens from this region have broader 

 leaves, less firm lower sheaths, and paler scales, than material from Newfoundland 

 and Canada, and are probably C. substricta Mackenzie. All the American material 

 seen has acutely angled culms. 



46. C. stricta Lam. (Including var. angustata (Boott) Bailey.) Tussock Sedge. 

 Low mucky meadows, swales, and the borders of marshes; common. June-July 15. 

 Newf. to Ont. and Nebr., southw. to Ga. and Tex., including the Coastal Plain. 

 This species is variable in length and width of spikes, in shape of perigynia, 



and in length, apex, and color of the scales. Some of these variations are apparently 

 due to degree of maturity. The most extreme form has been separated as var. 

 curtissima, but this does not appear to be uniform. So far, it has not been possible 

 to correlate the central New York material with Mackenzie's treatment of the group 

 (Bui. Torr. Bot. Club 42:405. 1915). The local forms of this species should receive 

 further study. 



46a. C. stricta Lam., var. curtissima Peck. 

 In situations similar to the preceding ; scarce. 

 Springy places along Fall Creek near Roger Corner. 

 N. B. to Conn, and N. Y. 



47. C. crinita Lam. 



Wet places in various soils, principally along streams and shores ; common. June. 

 Newf. to Minn., southw. to Fla. and Tex., including the Coastal Plain. 



