The Flora of the Cayuga Lake Basin 125 



61. C. communis Bailey. (C. pedicellata Britton. C. varia of Cayuga Fl.) 



Dry banks especially about the ravines, in gravelly and stony, rather rich, nonacid 

 soils; common. May 15-June IS. 



Generally distributed throughout the basin, except in the chestnut-vaccinium soils. 



E. Que. to B. C, southw. to N. J., D. C, Ga., Okla., and Nebr. ; rare or absent on 

 the Atlantic Coastal Plain. 



Variable in size and color of staminate spike. 



62. C. umbellata Schk. 



Dry sandy or gravelly sterile exposed hillsides, in neutral or acid soils ; common. 

 May; the earliest-fruiting species in this locality. 



Top of hill, North Spencer; North Pinnacle, Caroline; Buttermilk Glen; Fall 

 Creek Drive, Ithaca; Renwick slope; and elsewhere. 



P. E. I. and Me. to B. C, southw. to N. J., D. C, and Okla., including the Atlantic 

 Coastal Plain. 



A form is frequent with the culms 6-16 cm. high and with 1-2 pistillate spikes at 

 the base of the staminate spike (forma vicina (Dewey) Wiegand, see Rhodora 

 26 : 2. 1924) : West Danby to Newfield ; Enfield Glen ; North Pinnacle, Caroline ; 

 Cascadilla woods ; Fall Creek ; Renwick slope ; Taughannock Gorge. Occasional 

 plants occur with glabrous perigynia but otherwise like the typical form and not the 

 var. tonsa Fernald, which according to Mackenzie has stiff, broad leaves. 



62a. C. umbellata Schk., var. brevirostris Boott. 



In situations similar to the preceding, or more exposed; frequent. 



North Pinnacle, Caroline ; near Enfield Glen ; Buttermilk Glen ; South Hill ; 

 Renwick slope ; Esty Glen. 



Newf. to Sask. and B. C, southw. to n. N. E., N. Y., N. Mex., and Calif., includ- 

 ing the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain. 



63. C. longirostris Torr. 



Rich soil on the borders of woods ; rare. May 20-June 10. 



Inlet Valley, n. corner of Lick Brook cove at base of hill (G. T. Hastings]) ; 

 Salt Creek Marsh, Montezuma, 1886 (B. G. Cole in C. U. Herb.). 

 N. B. to Sask., southw. to n. N. J., Pa., and Nebr. ; local ; not coastal. 



64. C. Willdenowii Schk. 



Dry ravine banks and open hillside woods, in stony, nearly neutral, soils ; frequent. 

 June 15-30. 



South Hill (D. in C. U. Herb.) ; s. side of Amphitheater, Six Mile Creek; Cas- 

 cadilla woods ; Renwick slope ; crest of glen one mile s. of Willets ; and elsewhere. 



Mass. to Man., southw. to Fla., Ky., and Tex. ; rare or absent on the Coastal 

 Plain. 



65. C. Jamesii Schwein. (C. Steudclii of Cayuga Fl.) 



Wooded hillsides, in very rich gravelly subneutral soils ; rare. June. 

 Base of hill s. of Lick Brook; s. w. side of Amphitheater, Six Mile Creek (D. !). 

 N. Y. and Ont. to Mich, and Iowa, southw. to W. Va., Mo., and Kans. A plant 

 of the rich soils of the interior. 



66. C. pedunculata Muhl. 



Dry or damp rich woodlands, in humus on gravelly, more or less calcareous, soils ; 

 not uncommon. May 15-30. 



Rare or absent on the more residual chestnut soils of the basin, on the ravine crests 

 and stony lake slopes, and on the clays. 



Newf. to Sask., southw. to Va., Ohio, Mich., and Iowa ; rare or absent on the 

 Coastal Plain. 



