126 Karl M. Wiegand and Arthur J. Eames 



67. C. plantaginea Lam. 



Dry rich wooded slopes, in humus on gravelly, more or less calcareous, soils ; fre- 

 quent. May 10-30. 



In most of the larger ravines of the basin, and in rich woodlands. 



N. B. to Man., southw. to N. C, Ind., and 111. ; rare or absent on the Coastal 

 Plain. 



68. C. Careyana Torr. 



Woodlands, in very rich dark soils over gravel; scarce. May 20-June 15. 



Ravine n. of Buttermilk Glen (D.) ; Beech Woods, Six Mile Creek; Woodwardia 

 woods (D.) ; Salmon Creek valley two miles n. of Ludlowville; Little Salmon Creek; 

 Wood Mill station, with Jeffersonia (D. !) ; Taughannock Gorge? (D.). The type 

 specimens were found near Auburn, N. Y., by John Carey in 1832. 



N. Y. and Ont. to Mich., southw. to Va. and Mo. ; local ; rare or absent on the 

 Coastal Plain. 



69. C. platyphylla Carey. 



Dry wooded slopes and banks, in gravelly calcareous soils ; not uncommon. June 

 1-15. 



In most of the ravines of the basin, and in other localities in the proper soils. 



Que. (?) and s. Me. to Mich., southw. to Va. and 111.; rare or absent on the 

 Coastal Plain. 



Dudley recognized an unnamed variety of this species, but it seems impossible to 

 retain this as distinct from the typical form. 



70. C. laxiculmis Schwein. (C. retrocurva of Cayuga Fl.) 



Rich wooded slopes, in humus on gravelly, slightly calcareous soils ; locally abundant. 

 June. 



Michigan Hollow ; Fir Tree Swamp, Danby ; Beech Woods, Six Mile Creek ; 

 South Hill; woods around McLean Bogs; Taughannock Gorge (D.) ; Ludlowville; 

 Paine Creek glen (D.\) ; absent on the acid chestnut soils and on the clays. 



S. Ale. to Mich., southw. to Va. and Mo. ; a few records on the Coastal Plain. 



71. C. digitalis Willd. 



Wooded slopes, in humus on clay-gravel or stony neutral soils ; locally common. 

 June. 



Woods near Michigan Hollow Swamp ; Inlet Valley, s. of mouth of Enfield Glen ; 

 Six Mile Creek; Cascadilla woods; Fall Creek Gorge; Cornell Heights; Renwick 

 slope ; Esty Glen ; glen one mile s. of Willets ; Howland Island ; and elsewhere. 



Me. to Minn., southw. to Fla. and Tex. ; rare or absent on the Coastal Plain. 



This species differs from C. laxiculmis in the narrower green leaves, in the smaller 

 perigynia (2.5-2.8 mm. long instead of 3-A mm. long), and in the absence of the 

 one or two sterile flowers at the base of the pistillate spikes. The upper bracts usu- 

 ally exceed the staminate spikes. Intermediate forms between these species are 

 occasional (var. copulata Bailey), combining various characters of the two plants. 

 They strongly suggest a hybrid origin. 



72. C. Hitchcockiana Dewey. 



Rich woods, in deep black soil and humus on a gravelly nonacid subtratum; fre- 

 quent. June 15-30. 



S. of Danby village (D.) ; foot of hill, Inlet Valley, Ithaca-Newfield town line; 

 n. of Lick Brook; Beech Woods, Six Mile Creek; n. of Forest Home (D.) ; 

 "Franklin's ravine and 'Camp Warwick'" (D.) ; alluvial woods along creek n. of 

 Mecklenburg; between Jacksonville and Waterburg; Ovid Woods (£>.) ; Little 



