The Flora of the Cayuga Lake Basin 169 



8. S. alba L. White Willow. 



Low alluvial grounds and shores ; frequent. May 5-20. 



Rather common about Cayuga Lake : Renwick ; Myers Point ; Taughannock Point ; 

 Howland Point ; rarely elsewhere, as at Brookton and Waterburg. 

 Naturalized from Eu. ; much less common than the following variety. 



8a. S. alba L., var. vitellina (L.) Koch. White Willow. 



Low grounds and roadsides ; common. May 5-20. 



Abundant on the flats at the head of Cayuga Lake, on the points about the lake, 

 and in the valleys of all the larger streams of the basin. 



Naturalized from Eu. 



This willow hybridizes with S. fragilis, S. amygdaloides, and S. lucida, and probably 

 with other species. Hybrids with S. lucida are common and generally distributed 

 in central N. Y., and constitute a conspicuous element of the willow flora. They are 

 more or less shrub-like trees of luxuriant growth, with stout, erect, brilliantly yellow 

 twigs, and large, shining, yellow buds. The foliage is vitellina-like, though often 

 more glossy, but the leaves have shining tawny hairs beneath and often sparse ones 

 above ; in forms along the shores of Cayuga Lake the under surface is often densely 

 clothed with these brilliant hairs. " Both staminate and pistillate plants occur ; and 

 when in flower, the former are as striking as the best marked species of willow. 

 Catkins are very abundant, bright yellow, 6-7 cm. long, and fill the air with their 

 peculiar balsamic fragrance" (D.). These aments are very thick and dense, the 

 stamens mostly 5, and the flowers often clustered, usually in 3's. The pistillate 

 aments are more like those of S. alba, var. vitellina. The hybrid is apparently 

 fertile to some extent. 5". alba, var. coerulea (Smith) Koch, with glabrous leaves 

 and green twigs, probably does not occur here. 



9. S. pedicellaris Pursh. (S. myrtilloides of Cayuga Fl., in part, probably.) 

 Bogs, in more or less calcareous regions ; rare. May 5-20. 



Westbury Beg; Otter Lake. [Known also from Mendon and North Fair Haven.] 



Que., Vt., N. Y., B. C, and Wash. 



Apparently a rare shrub throughout its broad distribution, but seemingly frequent 

 on the Ontario plain of western N. Y. The following variety is more common 

 and widespread. 



9a. S. pedicellaris Pursh, var. hypoglauca Fernald. (See Rhodora 11:161. 1909. 

 5\ myrtilloides of Cayuga Fl., in part.) 



Bogs, often of a more acid nature than the preceding ; rare. May 5-20. 



Freeville, n. of village (D.\) ; Westbury Prairie; Junius {Sartwell, Herb. & Cat., 

 and in Gray Herb.). 



Newf. to B. C, southw. to N. J. (?), Pa., 111., and Iowa; rather exceptional on the 

 Atlantic Coastal Plain. 



10. S. Bebbiana Sarg. (See Journ. Arnold Arb. 2:68. 1920. Rhodora 26:122. 



1924. S. rostrata of authors and of Cayuga Fl.) 



Swampy and springy soils, less frequently on uplands, generally in acid soils ; com- 

 mon. Apr. 20-May 15. 



Especially abundant on the swampy hillsides s. and s. e. of Ithaca, and in the 

 McLean region; less abundant in alluvial soils. 



Newf. to Alaska, southw. to N. J., Nebr., and Utah ; common on the northern 

 Atlantic Coastal Plain. 



11. S. cordata Muhl. 



Low, chiefly alluvial, grounds and wet places ; common. Apr. 20-May 10. 

 Newf. to B. C, southw. to Va., Mo., Colo., and Calif., including the Atlantic 

 Coastal Plain. 



