172 Karl M. Wiegand and Arthur J. Eames 



Lab. to Lake Huron, southw. to N. J. and Pa., especially on the northern Coastal 

 Plain. 



The local material is all of this variety, though the typical form occurs near by 

 in Cortland Co. The soil factors influencing this species are not clearly understood. 

 It is generally found here among acid-loving plants, but marl outcrops are near by. 

 Its occurrence on the Ontario plain would suggest a saline influence. 



3. M. carolinensis Mill. (M. cerifera of Cayuga Fl.) Bayberry. Wax Myrtle. 



Dry sterile sandy or gravelly acid soils, also in marl and peat bogs in sandy regions ; 

 rare. May 20-June 5. 



Headwaters Swamp, 1921 ; moors of Newton, Lowery, and Vandemark Ponds 

 (Sartwell, D.\), and on gravelly or sandy knolls near by; Pout Pond bog; Crusoe 

 Prairie ; Westbury Bog ; arbor vitae swamp e. of Clyde. 



P. E. I. and N. B., along the coast to Fla. and La. ; also from cent. N. Y. to 

 Lake Erie. 



On the coast the species may be influenced more by saline conditions than by acid 

 soils, and this may also be the reason for its occurrence in central N. Y. 



32. JUGLANDACEAE (Walnut Family) 



a. Fruit indehiscent ; nut rough ; staminate catkins stout, solitary or 2-3 together, 

 sessile; stamens 10-40; pith of twigs diaphragmed. 1. Juglans 



a. Fruit dehiscent ; nut smooth, often angled ; staminate catkins slender, in peduncled 

 clusters ; stamens 3-10 ; pith of twigs solid. 2. Carya 



1. Juglans L. 



a. Fruit oblong, viscid ; petioles and young twigs viscid-downy ; terminal leaflet 

 usually present; leaf scar with a downy pad at upper edge. 1. /. cinerea 



a. Fruit globose, not viscid ; petioles and young twigs puberulent or somewhat downy, 

 not viscid ; terminal leaflet rarely present ; no downy pad above the leaf scar. 



2. /. nigra 



1. J. cinerea L. Butternut. 



In rich, usually somewhat calcareous, soils, on either lowlands or hillsides ; fre- 

 quent. May 15-30. 



Common in the ravines of the basin, especially in the Ithaca region. 



N. B. to Minn., southw. to Ga., Ark., and Nebr. ; rare or absent on the Coastal 

 Plain and in granitic N. E. 



2. J. nigra L. Black Walnut. 



In rich soils ; occasional. May 15-30. 



Along roadsides and in pastures; more frequent in the northwestern part of the 

 basin but not clearly indigenous in cent. N. Y. 



W. Mass. to Minn, and Nebr., southw. to Fla. and Tex. A plant primarily 

 of the rich lands of the interior. 



2. Carya Nutt. 



a. Bark of trunk close, not exfoliating ; husk of fruit thin, 0.5-2 mm. thick when 

 dry, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent. 

 b. Leaflets 7-11, lanceolate; nut thin-shelled, very bitter; bud scales thick, irregu- 

 lar, and yellowish. 1. C. cordiformis 

 b. Leaflets (3) 5-7, oblong-lanceolate or broader; nut thick-shelled, sweet or only 

 slightly bitter; bud scales thin, flat, gray -brown or darker. 



2. C. glabra 



