208 Karl M. Wiegand and Arthur J. Eames 



e . Cauline leaves sepal-like, close beneath the flowers, entire ; radical leaves 

 with 3 entire lobes. 12. Hepatica 



b. Styles enlarged and plumose in fruit ; sepals valvate ; leaves opposite ; plants 

 climbing. 13. Clematis 



1. Aquilegia (Tourn.) L. 



a. Spurs straight; flowers scarlet, yellow inside. 1. A. canadensis 



a. Spurs strongly hooked and shorter; flowers white, pink, or blue. 2. A. vulgaris 



1. A. canadensis L. Wild Columbine. 



Dry woodlands and ravine banks, rarely in fields, in sandy, gravelly, or more often 

 stony, acid or neutral soils ; common. May-June. 



Residual soils of the hills s. of Ithaca ; ravine crests and ledges, and the crests 

 of the cliffs along the shore of Cayuga Lake ; also in the sandy soils at Junius, and 

 more sparingly elsewhere in leached-out or sandstone soils. 



N. S. to Alberta, southw. to Fla. and Tex., including the Coastal Plain ; also in the 

 Rocky Mts. 



2. A. vulgaris L. Garden Columbine. 



Roadsides and other grassy places, in rich gravelly soils ; occasional. June. 



Roadsides w. and n. of Danby; Newfield, in woods w. of the railroad station (D.) ; 

 road n. of Cayuta Lake (D.) ; Saxon Hill, near Taber's (D.) ; s. of Buttermilk 

 Glen; road on Dryden-Lansing town line (£>.) ; road to Ellis Hollow; road n. e. 

 of Duck Lake. 



Escaped from cultivation. Native of Eu. 



[Delphinium (Tourn.) L.] 



[D. Ajacis L. (D. consolida of Cayuga FL, probably.) Larkspur. 

 Occurs occasionally on garbage dumps.] 



2. Cimicifuga L. 

 1. C. racemosa (L.) Nutt. Black Snakeroot. Black Cohosh. 



Wild banks and the borders of woods, in rich loamy soils ; scarce. July. 



Almost confined to the region w. of Cayuga Lake : w. of Cayuta Lake, and along 

 the valley n. e. to Mecklenburg ; w. of Reynoldsville, Hector ; e. side of Cayuta Lake 

 (D.) ; West Hills, Ithaca, in Cliff Park ravine (D.) ; roadside, about one mile s. of 

 Dryden Lake; Lansing, by road e. of Taughannock (Lansing) station (D.). [Also 

 at Watkins and around Seneca Lake.] 



S. N. E. to Wis., southw. to Ga. and Mo., penetrating the Coastal Plain but rare 

 in that region and not characteristic of it. A plant of the Allegheny Alts. 



3. Actaea L. 



a: Pedicels stout, in flower 3-6 mm. long ; fruit white, rarely dull purple-red ; leaves 

 glabrous beneath except for a few hairs on the veins. 1. A. alba 



a. Pedicels slender, in flower 8-15 mm. long; fruit crimson, rarely white; leaves 

 usually with scattered hairs over the entire lower surface. 2. A. rubra 



1. A. alba (L.) Mill. White Baneberry. White Cohosh. 



Rich, often rocky, woodlands and wild banks, in loamy, often somewhat sandy, 

 neutral or slightly calcareous soils with humus ; frequent. May 10-30. 



Bald Hill, Caroline (D.) ; other hills of Caroline; upper Coy Glen; Six Mile 

 Creek (£>.!); Cascadilla Creek (DA); Fall Creek (DA); Cayuga Heights; Ring- 

 wood; woods around McLean Bogs; Freeville woods (D.) ; Salmon Creek ravine; 

 ravine near Elm Beach, Romulus ; Paine Creek glen ; and elsewhere. 



