The Flora of the Cayuga Lake Basin 219 



3. Caulophyllum Michx. 

 1. C. thalictroides (L.) Michx. Blue Cohosh. 



Rich woodlands, in loamy soil with humus over calcareous gravels ; frequent. 

 Apr-May. 



Caroline hills; Danby (£>.), Six Mile Creek; Fall Creek; McLean; Wood Mill 

 station ; and elsewhere ; rare in the acid sandy regions. 



N. B. to Man., southw. to S. C, Tenn., and Mo. ; rare or absent on the Coastal 

 Plain. A plant of the rich lands of the interior. 



4. Berberis (Tourn.) L. 

 1. B. vulgaris L. Common Barberry. 



Gravelly and stony hillside pastures and fence rows, in poor subacid soils ; scarce. 

 May 20-June 15. 



Valley near "Rosedale" (D.) ; Danby, on Michigan Hill (D.) ; South Hill, near 

 the "Incline" (£>.!) ; road to Buttermilk Falls (D. !) ; lane w. of Negundo Woods 

 (£>.) ; Six Mile Creek ravine; near East Ithaca station; road n. of Forest Home 

 (D.) ; near Woodwardia Bog; Cayuga Heights; Ludlowville, near Hedden and 

 Tounley Creeks (D.) and Moore Creek. 



Escaped from cultivation in the Eastern and Central States. Naturalized from Eu. 



53. LAURACEAE (Laurel Family) 



a. Anthers 4-celled, 4-valved; flowers 8-10 mm. in diam., in terminal corymbose 

 cymes; leaves palmately veined and usually lobed. 1. Sassafras 



a. Anthers 2-celled, 2-valved ; flowers 5 mm. in diam., in close axillary heads ; leaves 

 pinnately veined and entire. 2. Benzoin 



1. Sassafras Nees 



a. Mature leaves and growth of the season hairy. 1. S. officinale 



a. Mature leaves and growth of the season glabrous, often glaucous. 



la. S. o., var. albiduin 



1. S. officinale Nees & Eb. (See Rhodora 20:98. 1918. S. variifolium of Gray's 

 Man., ed. 7. 5". officinale, in part, of Cayuga Fl.) Sassafras. 



Dry scrubby banks, in sandy or gravelly subacid soils ; frequent. May 20-June 10. 



In the acid chestnut soils of Danby, Caroline, and Dryden, along the crests of 

 many of the ravines, as Enfield and Coy Glens, and in the sandy woods of Junius ; 

 "a large tree grows beyond the Fleming S[chool] H[ouse] and middle-sized ones 

 near upper part of Geers Gulf" (£>.)• 



S. Me. to Mich., southw. to Fla., Tex., and Iowa, including the Coastal Plain. 



la. S. officinale Nees & Eb., var. albidum (Nutt.) Blake. (See Rhodora 15: 14, 

 1913, and 20:98, 1918. 5". officinale, in part, of Cayuga Fl.) 



In situations similar to the preceding ; frequent. 



Connecticut Hill; Six Mile Creek; near Ithaca City Hospital; Turkey Hill; around 

 the Junius peat bogs. 



W. N. E. to N. C. in the mts. ; rare on the Coastal Plain. 



This may be simply an extreme of the typical form, and not a distinct race. It 

 often grows with the typical plant. 



2. Benzoin Fabric. 

 1. B. aestivale (L.) Nees. {Lindcra Benzoin of Cayuga Fl.) Spice Bush. 



Thickets on low ground, in sandy, often alluvial, acid or slightly alkaline soils ; 

 common. Apr. 20-May 10. 



