The Flora of the Cayuga Lake Basin 309 



Generally distributed where the humus is abundant except on the ericaceous-chest- 

 nut soils of the basin, where it is absent. 



W. Que. and w. N. E. to Minn., southw. in the mts. to Ga. ; rare or absent on 

 the Coastal Plain. 



12. V. incognita Brainerd. (V. blanda, in part, of Cayuga Fl.) White Violet. 

 Low or damp woodlands, especially under conifers, occasionally on ledges in 



ravines, in calcareous or noncalcareous, mostly gravelly, soils; frequent, and 

 generally distributed. May; cleist. June 15-July. 



Lab. to N. Dak., southw. to the mts. of e. Tenn. ; infrequent, on the Coastal Plain. 



12a. V. incognita Brainerd, var. Forbesii Brainerd. (See Bui. Torr. Bot. Club 

 38:8. 1911.) 



In situations similar to the preceding; frequent, and generally distributed. 

 Que. to Wis., southw. to Mass. and Tenn. 



13. V. renifolia Gray, var. Brainerdii Fernald. (See Rhodora 14:86. 1912.) White 

 Violet. 



Humus in damp woodlands and ravines, in calcareous regions ; frequent. May ; 

 cleist. June 20-Aug. 15. 



S. of Caroline Depot; Dry Run, Spencer; Newfield Creek, above Newfield; Bull 

 Hill ; Enfield Glen ; Michigan Hollow Swamp ; ravine n. of Buttermilk Glen ; 

 Coy Glen; Ringwood; Malloryville Bog; s. e. corner of Dryden; Beaver Brook; 

 McLean Bogs ; Townley Swamp ; Salmon Creek, e. of Genoa ; and elsewhere. 



Lab. to Alaska, southw. to Pa. and Mich. 



14. V. odorata L. English Violet. 



An occasional escape from gardens and lawns to roadsides and banks. Apr. 15 ; 

 cleist. summer. 



Seneca St., near Spring St. (D.) ; Forest Home, bank of creek below first bridge 

 (A. R. Bechtel) ; and elsewhere (D.). 



Native of Eu. 



15. V. pubescens Ait. (F. pubescens, var. eriocarpa, mainly, of Cayuga Fl.) 



Stemmed Yellow Violet. 



Dry or damp woodlands, in rich gravelly, loamy, or alluvial, nonacid soils; fre- 

 quent. May ; cleist. summer. 



S. of Caroline Depot ; Newfield ; South Hill ; near Coy Glen ; near Malloryville 

 Bog; Renwick slope; Glenwood Road; near Jacksonville; Mecklenburg; near 

 Ludlowville ; n. of Levanna ; s. w. corner of Cato ; and elsewhere. 



N. S. to N. Dak., southw. especially in the mts. to Va. and Mo.; rare on the 

 Coastal Plain. 



The separation of V. pubescens and V. eriocarpa is difficult here as elsewhere 

 (see Bui. Torr. Bot. Club 38:194. 1911). None of the characters given in the 

 keys are constant. In general, V. pubescens is stouter than V. eriocarpa and has 

 a different appearance. Northern V . pubescens seems to have larger seeds (2.6-3 

 mm. long) than southern V. eriocarpa (2.2-2.5 mm. long), but at Ithaca there is no 

 correlation between the size of seeds and other characters. To what extent the 

 mixture of characters here is due to hybridization has not been determined. 



16. V. eriocarpa Schwein. (See Bui. Torr. Bot. Club 38:194. 1911. V. scabrius- 



cula, in part, of authors. V. pubescens, in part, of Cayuga Fl.) Stemmed 

 Yellow Violet. 



In situations similar to the preceding, but in damper and somewhat heavier soils ; 

 frequent. May ; cleist. summer. 



