320 Karl M. Wiegand and Arthur J. Eames 



1. P. quinquefolium L. (Aralia quinqtiefolia of Cayuga Fl.) Ginseng. 



Damp woodlands, in rich humus on subcalcareous gravelly soils ; formerly frequent, 

 now occasional. June 20-July. 



"Rich woods in Danby, Caroline and Newfield " (D.) ; wooded island in Summit 

 Marsh; Michigan Hollow; Enfield Glen; Six Mile Creek (D.\) ; hill w. of West 

 Danby; Fall Creek, below Primrose Cliffs (D.) ; Freeville (D.) ; McLean (D.) ; 

 "ravines of the lake-shore" (D.) ; Ludlowville; Paine Creek glen; e. of Mud Pond, 

 Conquest; s. w. of Westbury. 



Que. and Ont. to Minn., southw. to Pa., the Great Lakes, e. Iowa, Mo., and in the 

 mts. to Ga. ; absent or rare on the Coastal Plain. 



Roots extensively collected as a commercial product. 



2. P. trifolium L. (Aralia trifolia of Cayuga Fl.) Dwarf Ginseng or Groundnut. 

 Rich gravelly woodlands and thickets, in subcalcareous or slightly acid regions ; 



frequent. May. 



S. w. of Key Hill ; near Michigan Hollow Swamp ; Six Mile Creek ; Ellis Hollow ; 

 woods n. of Ithaca ; Malloryville Bog ; Beaver Brook ; and elsewhere. 



N. S. to Minn., southw. to Del., Md., 111., Iowa, and along the mts. to Ga. ; 

 occasional on the Coastal Plain. 



3. Hedera (Tourn.) L. 

 1. H. Helix L. English Ivy. 



Damp rocks near brooks ; scarce. 



Six Mile Creek, on n. side above Van Natta Dam (W . C. Muenschcr) and on s. 

 side below Beech Woods. 



Escaped from cultivation. Native of Eu. 



97. UMBELLIFERAE (Parsley Family) 



a. Involucral bracts (not involucels) entire or serrate or wanting; fruit with the 



five primary ribs the most prominent, hence with three dorsal ribs on each carpel. 



b. Fruit with obscure ribs, covered with hooked prickles; flowers monoecious, 



greenish white; leaves palmately parted or divided. 1. Sanicula 



b. Fruit with obscure or prominent ribs, not prickly; flowers perfect; leaves 

 various. 

 c. Body of fruit laterally flattened; ribs not winged. 

 d. Umbels and leaves simple, the umbels axillary ; flowers greenish white. 



2. Hydrocotyle 

 d. Umbels and leaves compound, the umbels terminal. 



e. Flowers white. 

 /. Leaves ternately decompound, only the ultimate divisions of the leaf 

 subpinnate. 

 g. Seed face strongly concave in cross section. 

 h. Fruit linear-oblong. 

 i. Fruit glabrous ; plants low, spreading ; leaflets much cut. 



3. Chaerophyllum 

 i. Fruit bristly ; plants upright, moderately tall ; leaflets coarsely 



serrate or sparingly cleft. 4. Osmorhiza 



/;. Fruit ovate; plants tall; leaflets much cut. 5. Conium 



g. Seed face flat ; plants tall ; leaflets lanceolate, serrate. 



6. Cicuta 

 /. Leaves pinnate (see also 3d /). 



g. Leaflets much dissected into very narrow divisions. 



7. Carum 

 g. Leaflets lanceolate, serrate. 8. Sium 



