340 Karl M. Wiegand and Arthur J. Eames 



101. OLEACEAE (Olive Family) 



a. Fruit a samara ; flowers mostly apetalous and dioecious ; leaves pinnate. 



1. Fraxinus 

 a. Fruit a capsule; flowers petaliferous, perfect; corolla salver-form; leaves ovate, 



simple. 2. Syringa 



a. Fruit a drupe; flowers petaliferous, perfect; corolla funnel-form or tubular; 



leaves lanceolate or oblong, simple. 3. Ligustrum 



1. Fraxinus (Tourn.) L. 



a. Lateral leaflets short-stalked, commonly 6, elliptic-lanceolate to oval ; antbers 

 linear; calyx present in the pistillate flowers; fruit tapering below, the body terete. 

 b. Body of fruit not wing-margined; leaflets elliptic-oval; plant glabrous. 



1. F. amcricana 

 b. Body of fruit wing-margined, at least above ; leaflets elliptic-lanceolate. 



c. Foliage and shoots velvety-pubescent. 2. F. pennsylvanica 



c. Foliage and shoots glabrous. 2a. F. pennsylvanica. 



var. lanceolata 

 a. Lateral leaflets almost or quite sessile, commonly 10, lanceolate, more closely 

 serrate, glabrous ; anthers short-oblong or cordate ; calyx wholly absent ; fruit 

 of equal breadth at both ends, the body flat. 

 b. Leaf rhachis tomentose at base of leaflets ; buds dark brown. 



3. F. nigra 

 b. Leaf rhachis glabrous ; buds black. 4. F. excelsior 



1. F. americana L. White Ash. 



Dry rich upland woods and hedgerows, in the richer, somewhat calcareous, soils 

 and on the clays ; common. May 10-20. 



Generally distributed throughout the basin, but less frequent on the noncalcareous 

 soils of the higher hills, lake cliffs, and ravine crests. 



N. S. to Minn., southw. to Fla. and Tex. ; infrequent on the Coastal Plain. 



2. F. pennsylvanica Marsh. (F. pubescens of Cayuga Fl.) Red or Downy Ash. 

 Rich alluvial soils, especially along the shores of Cayuga Lake; frequent. May 10- 



30. 



Summit Marsh (£>.!); Larch Meadow and roadsides near by (D. !) ; Negundo 

 Woods (D.) ; on most of the points along Cayuga Lake (D. !) ; Frontenac Island 

 (D.) ; Scipioville; Canoga and Cayuga Marshes (D. !). Dudley mentions specimens 

 transitional to var. lanceolata found at Sheldrake, Lake Ridge, Fleming Schoolhouse, 

 and Summit Marsh. Such intermediate plants are occasional. 



Me. to N. Dak., southw. to Fla. and Tex.; infrequent on the Coastal Plain. 



The fruits of this and other species of Fraxinus vary greatly in width. Indi- 

 viduals of this species with extremely narrow fruits correspond to F. Darlingtonii 

 Britton. 



2a. F. pennsylvanica Marsh., var. lanceolata (Borkh.) Sarg. (F. viridis of Cayuga 

 Fl.) Green Ash. 



Habitat similar to the preceding ; occasional. 



Summit Marsh; Myers Point; Farley Point (D. !) ; shore s. of Union Springs 

 (D.) ; Cayuga Junction. Trees on the C. U. campus near Triphammer Bridge were 

 probably planted. 



Range nearly that of the typical form. 



3. F. nigra Marsh. (F. sambucifolia of Cayuga Fl.) Black Ash. 



Low woods and especially in swamps, rarely on uplands ; common in some places. 

 May 1-20. 



