The Flora of the Cayuga Lake Basin 351 



Confined to the chestnut soils of the higher hills s. w., s., and e. of Ithaca: "high 

 hills of Newfield, Danby and Caroline" (D.) ; hilltop n. w. of North Spencer; 

 Thatcher Pinnacles; Dart Woods (D.) ; from Turkey Hill eastw. to Ringwood 

 (DA). 



Que. to B. C, southw. to Conn., cent. N. Y., Mich., and Minn. 



In Gray's Man., ed. 7, this species is credited to "open woods and alluvial banks." 



2. Hackelia Opiz 



1. H. virginiana (L.) Johnston. (See Contr. Gray Herb., n. s. 68:43. 1923. Lap- 

 pula virginiana of Gray's Man., ed. 7. Echinospermum virginicum of Cayuga 

 Fl.) Beggar's Lice. 



Woodlands and thickets, in rich soil, generally in loam, clay, or alluvium; common. 

 July 10-Aug. 15. 



Generally distributed throughout the basin, in the ravines and in rather damp rich 

 woodlands; rare in acid soils, as at Key Hill and in sandy woods on e. shore of 

 Vandemark Pond. 



Me. and w. Que. to Minn., southw. to Ga., La., Nebr., and Kans. ; infrequent or 

 rare on the Coastal Plain. 



3. Lappula (Riv.) Moench 



1. L. echinata Gilib. (Echinospermum Lappula of Cayuga Fl.) Stickseep, 



In slightly calcareous gravels, shales, talus, and cinders; scarce. July. 



Along streets, railroad embankments, and the talus of shaly cliffs along the Cayuga 

 Lake shore, most abundant from Lake Ridge to Cayuga: near the Old Armory and 

 on Buffalo St., Ithaca (D.) ; railroad tracks at East Ithaca; near Fall Creek Mills 

 (D.) ; frequent on the sandy points of Cayuga Lake and along the railroad (D.\) ; 

 near Taughannock Falls station. 



N. S. to B. C, southw. to N. J. and Kans. Naturalized from Eurasia. 



Lappula differs markedly from Hackelia in the details of nutlet attachment. 



4. Symphytum (Tourn.) L. 



a. Plant rather rough-hairy ; leaves decurrent ; flowers cream-colored, rarely pink or 



purplish. 1. 5". officinale 



a. Plant harsh-hispid ; leaves not decurrent ; flowers usually purple. 2. S. asperum 



1. S. OFFICINALE L. COMMON CoMFREY. 



Low rich calcareous alluviums; frequent. June 15- Aug. 10. 



Inlet Valley to Newfield (DA); near s. w. corner of Cayuga Lake; Six Mile 



Creek (D.) ; upper Six Mile Creek, Caroline; near Judd Falls; Fall Creek (D. ) ; 



near Ringwood; e. of Freeville (DA.); Myers Point, and near Lake Ridge station, 

 abundant (D.) ; and elsewhere. 



Newf. to Minn., southw. to Va. and N. C. ; rare or absent on the Coastal Plain. 

 Naturalized from Eurasia. 



2. S. asperum Lep. (See Rhodora 18:23. 1916. 5". aspcrrimum Donn.) Rough 



Comfrey. 



Low gravelly, more or less calcareous, soils along streams and roadsides ; rare. 

 June 10-July. 



Gravel bars in Salmon Creek, s. of Genoa; roadside near Mud Pond, Conquest; 

 roadside s. of Westbury Bog. 



N. S. to N. Y. and Md. Introduced from Eu. 



