18 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



.ar liilxrnii um Asch. fls Graebn. Syn. Mitteleurop. Fl. 



fi :i066. 1910.— Pisum rul&are arvente Mbernxcum 



A F. Schwarz FA NVirnb.-Erl. 2:207. 1899. P. sativum 

 hiberntCUm Alef. Landw. Fl. 44. 1866. " Graue Winter - 

 Futtererhse " Gen. 



Plants more slender than var. quadratum; stipules medium 

 sired, sometimes serrate above the base; leaflets in two pairs, ovate 

 to ovate-lanceolate; seeds rather small, red brown, unicolored or 

 marbled, almost globular or slightly compressed. 



Cultivated in Bavaria, etc.; it is sown in the fall and harvested 

 in the following year. 



Pisum remale Hort. grown by Haage & Schmidt, is similar, 

 but the seeds are rather smaller. It is sown in spring: " Graue 

 Fruhjarhrs-Futtercrbse " or " Peluschke." 



A subumbellate flowered form caused by the fasciation of the 

 stems has been known for a long time and seems to come constant 

 from seeds. It is known as: 



Sd. var. umbeuatum Berger. comb. nov. — P. sativum umbcllu- 

 tum L. Sp. PI. 2 ed. 1027. 1763. "Mummy Pea" 

 " Buschel-Trauben Erbse " Germ. 



Flowers subumbellate. 4-5 or more together; standard rose- 

 colored, wings deep purple: seeds chestnut brown, large, round. 



There is a good figure of this or of Pisum sativum hor- 

 tense co r o n a turn in Parkinson. Parad. 523. f. 4 1629 as 

 " P:^um umbellatum sue roseum. Scottish or Tufted or Rose 

 Pease." 



From India, Tibet, and China. A dwarf and slender stemmed 

 pea with colored flowers, short pods, and brown seeds is found 

 cultivated which may be a distinct race or variety. The red mark- 

 ings on the stipules and stems are not now visible on herbarium 

 specimens but it seems to belong to the field pea. 



The field pea can in most cases easily be recognized 

 by its colored flowers, the red blotch around the stem 

 at the insertion of the stipules and by the seeds. 

 Herbarium specimens, when the red blotches become 

 invisible and seeds are missing, cannot always be readily 

 distinguished from those of either P. sativum elatius 

 or P. Bativum hortense. 



We have had no opportunity to see specimens of 

 Pisum ramularr Morrison ex Reich., Fl. Germ. Exc. 

 532. 1832; it is described as having oblong almost 

 entire stipules, purplish wings and keel, and yellowish 

 green seeds with a black hilum. 



Flowers of a Pisum, evidently of P. sativum 

 arvense are collected in Tibet as a drug 'at about 

 14,000 feet near Yerba Monastery, Herb. Kew.l. 



6. Pisum sativum subsp. hortense Asch. & 

 Graeb.. Syn. Mitteleurop. Fl. 6':1066. 1910. — P. 

 sativum L., Sp. PI. 727. 1753. P. sativum var. hor- 

 tense Neilr., Fl. Nied.-Oester. 964. 1859. P. sativum 

 var. txpicum Beck, Fl. Nied.-Oester. 887. 1893. 



Garden Pea. Stems robust, 25-90 cm or more, green or 

 glaucous: stipules large and broad with the basal lobes usually 

 rounded and overlapping, about 7 cm long, mostly obtuse, mucro- 

 nate, irregularly crenate on the outer lower half; petioles stout, 

 with 2 3 pairs of leaflets; leaflets ± ovate, ± obtuse, mucronate, 

 entire, 3-5 cm long: peduncles of various length, as long as the 

 petioles or exceeding them, 1-2 flowered: flowers large, petals white, 

 greenish at the base: pod up to 10 cm long or more: seeds smooth, 

 pale yellow or greenish, globular or more or less wrinkled or com- 

 pressed and angular. 



Cultivated everywhere; no undisputably wild plants 

 of it are known. It is cultivated in tropical Africa at 

 Lake Edward in Uganda with the field pea (Herb. 

 Kew. ). 



There are the following varieties: 



6a. var. pachylobum Asch. & Graebn. Syn. Mitteleurop. Fl. 

 (r: 1067. 1910. — P. sativum typicum forma pachylobum 

 Dierb. ex Beck in Reichb. IC. Fl. Germ. 22:209. 1903. 

 P. sativum i L. Sp. PI. 727. 1753. " Kneifel " or " Pah- 

 lerbse " Germ. . 

 Valves of the pods hard and leathery. 



6b.) var. quadratum Asch. & Graebn. Syn. Mitteleurop. 

 Fl. 6M067. 1910.— P. sativum quadratum L.. Sp. PI. 

 727. 1753. P. quadratum Reichb. Fl. Germ. Exc. 533. 

 1832. " Pois carre " French ; " Mark; Ecker; Knacker; 

 and Lupinenerbse " Germ. |. 



Plants mostly very glaucous, upper calyx lobes often 

 more obtuse; seeds closely set, sides compressed and angular. 



6c.) var. humile Asch. & Graebn. Syn. Mitteleurop. Fl. 

 6 s : 1067. 1910.— P. humile Mill., Gard. Diet. ed. 8. no. 2. 

 1768. P. sativum var. humile Poir. Encyl. 5 : 456. 1804. 

 "Pois nains " French . 



Plants small and low, branched. Leaflets roundish. 

 This comprises the low garden varieties and is not the 

 same as Boissier's plant of this name, which becomes Pisum 

 satiwini Byriacum. 



6d. var. saccharatum Asch. & Graebn. Syn. Mitteleurop. Fl. 

 6 s : 1067. 1910. — P. sativum •: saccharatum Ser. in DC. 

 Prodr. 2:368. 1825. P. sativum i macrocarpum Ser. 

 I.e. P. sullosum Risso, fide Alef. Landw. Fl. 38. 1866. 

 P. sativum , L. Sp. PI. 727. 1753. "Sugar pea," "pois 

 sucres, pois mange-tout " French); " Zuckererbse " (Germ. I. 

 Fruits large with tender, fleshy, edible, and not parch- 

 ment-like valves; seeds loosely set, globular; peduncles 

 mostly 2 -flowered. 



6e.) var. ioron.it um Berger nov. comb. — P. sativum coro- 

 narum Alef. Landw. Fl. 52. 1866. P. sativum var. 

 UmbellatVm Hort., ex Sutton, Journ. Linn. Soc. 42:430. 

 PI. 15, f. 2, and PI. 17. f. 10. 1914. Not L. "Crown- 

 flowered " or so-called " Mummy Pea." A. W. Sutton, I.e.) 

 Stems tall, about 6 feet, fasciated, with almost umbel- 

 late white erect flowers at the top; seeds whitish, globular or 

 slightly wrinkled. 



This corresponds to var. umbeUatum of the field pea, 

 and similar forms are apt to be found among the other species 

 and subspecies. 



6f. var. ecirrhosum Berger var. nov. 



Plants 20-30 cm high; lower leaves 2-foliolate with the 

 usual short rudimentary tendril, all the others without 

 tendril but with a terminal odd leaflet, upper leaves with as 

 many as nine leaflets: leaflets opposite, ovate-obtuse, mucro- 

 nate, entire or rarely toothed, rather small, decreasing in 

 size, the lower ones about 20 mm, the upper ones about 

 8 mm long; stipules diverging, somewhat pointed, basal 

 lobes rather short, dentate; lowest flowers from the fourth 

 leaf, peduncles finally about twice as long as the stipules, 

 1 -flowered; flowers white. 



This plant is the variety " Acacia; " we do not know 

 its origin. It is a very remarkable pea showing the usual 

 reversion — the rudimentary tendril — on the lower leaves; 

 and entire lack of tendrils on the upper leaves — another 

 reversion to a much older type. The variety merits a botani- 

 cal name for about the same reason as Duchesne's Kracuria 

 vesca var. monophylla which also originated in cultivation. 



