66 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



leaflets in 4s. overlapping, rolled and crinkled, and stipules rolled 

 and crinkled; pod stalks shorter and thicker than those of British 

 rr. podl smoother, rather longer, broader, not as plump, often 

 slightly curved toward the tip. with pointed or rounded, lipless ends, 

 medium green peas 5 to 7. smaller, round or slight h 



indented, long oval or oblong, medium green in color. It was later 

 than British Wonder by a few days to a week, but from its g m ooth fif 

 seeds, might l>e sown earlier. It was about the same in productivity. 



( onnoiaacur Rcf. 112), which is entirely distinct 

 from L.ixton's Ne Plus Ultra type pea of that name. 



introduced in this country in 1914 or 1915 by Ferry, 

 who secured the seed from Cooper-Taber. 



In plant habits very similar to British Wonder; 1 ' _• to 2 feet 

 tall; stem stout; branches basal and medial: foliage rather darker 

 green, distinctly whitened, flowers from 8th instead of 7th node, 

 frequently paired, with heavier stalks; pods possibly a trifle longer 

 and very uniform, broader and not quite as plump, with long 



ti d points, medium green in color, about as well filled; peas of 

 similar size and shape, but not as well colored. 



It is later than British Wonder by a full week, and 

 produced about as well, only good crops. 



Sul Ion Supreme Ref. 113i was introduced in 

 1921 by Sutton; has been grown at this Station from 

 British Columbia seed: and in United States Department 

 of Agriculture tests; but has not been cataloged in this 

 country. 



Height 1 ' ■> to 2 feet; stem square, heavy, with short inter- 

 nodes, particularly above, few small medial branches; leaflets large. 



broad, light green covered with bloom and with marked white areas, 

 rounded at the base, almost straight at the sides and deeply, some- 

 times doubly, notched at the tips; stipules huge, very deeply clasping 

 the stem, bloom and whitening intensified and veins distinctly 

 whitened; the light cream flowers not opening fully, single, from 

 12th or 13th node, and, with light-colored new leaves, and develop- 

 ing pods, are clustered at the top of the stem; tendrils heavy and 

 moderately curled; pods 3 ' £ to 3 ( inches long, broad, very plump, 

 straight, blunt ended with small tip, very dark green in color and 

 well filled to the tip, tho not always to the edge; peas 5 to 7, very 

 large, oval, oblong, dark green, of very good quality; seeds large, 

 dull, bluish cream and light green, well wrinkled. Supreme is a 

 second early or midseason variety, yielding very well. 



Superb Earl} Dwarf iRef. 114) has been grown 

 here from seed supplied by Griswold (1), by whom it 

 was first listed in 1922. 



About half a foot shorter than Connoisseur, unbranched. with 

 rather less abundant, medium green foliage bunched at the top, 

 with leaflets in 4s and long rather than broad, much larger, sharp- 

 tipped stipules with few teeth, lighter in color than the leaflets, 

 both leaflets and stipules being whitened and glaucous; flowers 

 begin at 6th node; pods single on short, thick, stalks, 2 ' •_. to 3j i 

 inches long, broad, plump, straight, well-filled both to the edge 

 and to the square, small-tipped end, wrinkling early and light green 

 in color, keeping only moderately well; peas 4 to 7, fairly large, 

 indented, oblong, light green in color, of only fair to good quality; 

 seeds decidedly smaller than those of Connoisseur, oblong, flattened, 

 fairly well wrinkled and mixed cream and green in color. 



Superb Early Dwarf is a second early pea producing only fair 

 to good crops. 



ADVANCER GROUP 



The Advancer group of peas began with this very- 

 well-known pea, now perhaps the favorite, with growers, 

 of all wrinkled canning peas. As with several other 

 groups, little or no history can be given back of the type 

 variety, as this was a cross and decidedly unlike the 

 known one of its parents, or any pea likely to have been 

 the other parent. Several of the varieties mentioned in 

 the group probably have no inheritance relationship with 

 Advancer, but are included because of general similarity 

 in essential horticultural characters. 



As the type variety is oldest, it is first described in 

 considerable detail, with the later varieties discussed in 

 chronological order of first known date, and their dis- 

 tinguishing characteristics, only, emphasized. 



tdvancer. Refs. 1 3; Rural N. Y. 11:159. 

 1860; Bliss Car. 1866. Dr. McLean made many 

 crosses between Beck Gem and some of the best marrows 

 wrinkled peas) of his time; and turned over to Turner 

 most of the varieties developed. Among these was 

 Advancer, which Turner introduced in 1860. The 

 Rural New- Yorker spoke of Advancer in the same year, 

 but it was probably not introduced in the United States 

 until 1865, by Bliss. The variety spread slowly in Amer- 

 ica at first, but by 1875 was well known, and with the 

 development of the canning industry has become widely 

 spread. It is now little known in England, where its 

 lack of high table quality has almost retired it in favor 

 of dwarf peas of sweeter taste and more delicate flavor 

 or of taller varieties with fine peas in huge pods. For 

 growers of canning peas, the productivity of Advancer 

 and the tonnage given by the large peas make it a prime 

 favorite; but the canners themselves prefer varieties that 



do not harden so rapidly at maturity, that grade better, 

 and that give canned goods of better color and quality. 



Advancer has been tested here for two or more 

 seasons, both in the garden and in our canning crop 

 plats from seed grown in various localities. These 

 strains varied considerably, especially from the financial 

 standpoint, in the canning crop tests, where variations 

 in the size of seed directly influenced the number of 

 vines to the acre, and indirectly but even more noticeably, 

 changed the relative proportions of the different grades 

 of peas. 



In general, the characters of Advancer are about 

 as given below: 



Seed green with a small percentage cream colored; decidedly 

 but somewhat coarsely wrinkled; oval in long diameter and dis- 

 tinctly flattened or compressed, often like short sections of a slightly 

 flattened cylinder; with obscure radicles and green cotyledons; 

 height 3 to 3J 2 feet, but some strains much shorter, vigorous; stem 

 stout, angular, with intcrnodes of medium length, usually branched 

 both near the ground and near the flowering node; foliage medium 

 to abundant, dark to medium green, rarely whitened, consisting of 

 medium sized, rather long leaflets in 4s and 6s, scarcely glaucous, 

 and stipules only slightly larger, with sharp tips and a few small 

 basal teeth, more glaucous than the leaflets; flowers start at 12th 

 to 14th node, white, of medium size, single or frequently in pairs 

 on long, moderately thick stalks: pods numerous, quite uniform, 

 from 2 s 1 to 3 ' , inches long, medium to narrow in width, plump, 

 smooth or slightly wrinkled when ready to pick, round to oval in 

 section, straight, filled to the edge and to the blunt or square ends, 

 which bear rather large straight tips, somewhat lighter in color than 

 the foliage, about medium green; peas 6 or 7, medium to large, 

 round oval or short flattened cylindrical, light green to medium 

 green. 



Advancer has been one of the best yielders of all 

 peas grown, with pods ready to pick in the garden in 58 



