80 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



range in height from 3 feet to 6 feet or more several are 

 also found by name or synonym in preceding groups; 

 and no separation appears to be possible between medium 

 and tall varieties, the names, synonyms and recorded 

 heights being inextricably mixed. The following ones 

 in ly Ik- considered fairly representative of the sub-group: 

 Dwarf White Edible Podded and Dwarf White 

 "■Mi^.ir of Sibley; Extra Earl} Edible Podded; Port) 

 l>.i%- *>i\ Weeks White Sugar; Sugar, White 



Sugar, aiul Large \X 1 1 i i « • Edible-pod; Tamarind; 

 Sabel, Scimitar and Gianl Sword; Heinrich Ear- 

 liest; I arge ♦ rooked Sugar; Saint Desirat, Melting 



■xu^ar and M.im Mi Melting Sugar; Tall Sugar, 



I. ill < rooked Sugar, Late Tall Sugar, and Tall 

 White Sugar; Gianl White Tall Edible Podded and 

 Tall Mm rh.im Gianl \\ bite. 



Dwarf NN hite Sugar, grown at the Station in 1883. 

 and Dwarf \\ 1 1 i I « - Edible Podded, grown the next year, 

 seem to have been much alike: 



Heights 4 to 6 and 5 feet, respectively, with long internodes, 

 bed Ixith at base and above, foliage medium in amount, size 

 and color, slightly glaucous and usually somewhat whitened; with 

 paired, pale pods 1 ' _• to 3 inches long, straight, moderately broad, 

 blunt ended. They wire very prolific, ripening in midseason and 

 maturing gradually. 



Extra Earl) Edible Podded, seed from France, was 

 grown here recently. 



Rather dwarfer than the above, occasionally less than 3 feet 

 but usually 4. with shorter, narrower, plumper, more curved pods 

 with blunt ends. It was earlier and not quite as productive. 



Fort} Days or Six Weeks Edible Pod, another 

 French pea, appears to vary decidedly. 



As grown in 1885 and again recently, in both cases from French 

 seed, it was about 2 feet tall; but French descriptions and the crop 

 as recently gn .wn from German seed make it much taller, 3 ' | to 4 ' , 

 feet. The foliage descriptions agree well, and the pods showed only 

 slight variations. They were from 2 to 2'i inches long, occasion- 

 ally almost 3 inches, moderately wide and plump, straight or 

 slightly curved, constricted, with rounded ends. It was very early 

 and very productive. 



Sugar and White Sugar were names found in 

 early references for tall 6 feeti, large podded (4 to 6 

 inches varieties; which are apparently similar to Large 

 White Edible Podded, grown at this Station in 1884. 

 This last was also called Large White-Podded Sugar. 



Height 3 to 5 feet, with a very " large " stem, with long 

 internodes, branched at base and above, with light green, coarse 

 foliage more or less whitened, and single, lighter colored pods, 3 

 to S inches long and an inch wide, bent and contorted, usually 

 adhering closely to the peas tho sometimes inflated, round-ended, 

 tender and crisp, but not as sweet as some varieties. It was a 

 midseason variety, ripening promptly but not very prolific. 



I .iiii.irind was described by Burr in 1863; but 

 it is not certain that it was ever grown in the United 

 States. It was called " new " in 1834, and seems to 

 have been described by many writers up to 1860, but 

 not thereafter. 



I .it< Dwarf s iiiMr was a synonym. 



:rt generally given as 3 to 4 feet, and said to be dwarf 

 only in comparison with other sugar peas. It was of luxuriant 

 habit, with large, dark green foliage, and very long 4 5 inches', 

 broad, curved, fairly plump, well filled pods on long stalks. It was 

 late but prolific. 



The Sword Sugar peas, under such names as 

 Sabel, Schwert, Scimitar, and Broadsword, appear 

 to be rather modern varieties, originating within fifty 

 years, and to be still grown in old or improved forms. 

 Sabel was grown here from seed raised at McMillan, 

 Mich. 



Height 4 to 4' 2 feet; stems stout, branches few, medial; 

 foliage coarse but scanty, medium green; tendrils conspicuous, very 

 slender, flowers from I lit Kith or 17th node; pods single, on short, 

 thick stalks, 3 to 3'_> inches long, broad with wing nearly half the 

 breadth, straight except l\ n lateral curving and slight distortion, 

 constricted, round to blunt at the ends, and only moderately 

 fleshy, of a glistening, whitish green color and held freshness well. 

 Season late, yield poor. 



Improved Gianl Sword was also grown here. 



Similar in size to last, but with even stouter stems, more and 

 finer foliage With leaflets in 6s rather than 4s, flowering one-fourth 

 lower, and having longer pods, 3'| to 4 :| ., inches, with rather less 

 wing; late and poor yielder. 



Large Crooked Sugar, or Broadsword, is, by 



that synonym, and Scimitar of Vilmorin, grouped 

 with the Sword Sugars, but seems to be an older type. 

 Ramshorn is also a synonym. It may date back to 

 1778, as the Large Sugar of Mawe-Abercrombie is said 

 to have had very large, " bowed " pods. As Come de 

 Belier, it has long been known in France, and is still a 

 leading variety in Eastern France and Switzerland. 



Height, 4 to 6 feet, with a medium thick stem, long jointed, 

 usually branched, pale yellowish green, rather coarse foliage, very 

 large white flowers beginning at 12th or 13th node; and single, very 

 long pods, 4-5 inches, an inch or more broad, much twisted some- 

 what like a ram's horn with 5 to 8 large peas, prominent in the pods 

 even at early stages. It is fairly early, very productive, and of 

 fine quality, ranking as one of the best in the class. 



Heinrich Earliest is said to be from the Nether- 

 lands. 



A week or more earlier than the Sword peas, not as tall, with 

 slenderer stems without branches and with shorter, more curved, 

 fleshier pods. It is a very fine quality sugar pea and fairly 

 productive. 



Tall Half-sugar is described in a French pea book 

 as of American origin, but it has not been found, at 

 least under this name, in American catalogs or literature. 



Height 4'.| to 4j^ feet; seldom branched: foliage light green, 

 medium in amount; flowers from the 6th node; pods on long stalks, 

 single, numerous, of medium size, slightly curved, with little or no 

 wing, plump and square ended. Early and productive. 



The Melting Sugar peas, with two uncertain 

 exceptions, Saint-Desiral Melting, and Carter's \<-\> 

 Melting Marrow Edible-podded, appear to be of 

 American origin, or at least to be listed only by American 

 seedsmen. 



All are characterized by tender, crisp, thick flesh in the pods 

 which develops long before the peas are much grown and makes 

 the table quality excellent. The pods are not especially long, rarely 

 reaching 5 inches, but are broad. They are usually quite straight, 

 but may be slightly distorted. Picking may begin in early mid- 

 season and continue for two weeks or more until good to very good 

 crops are secured. 



Perfection Sugar, announced by Henderson in 

 1919, appears to belong in the Melting Sugar type, tho 

 rather taller and with somewhat longer pods of even 

 better quality. 



