86 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



As grown at the Station in 1922 and 1923. a typical Extra 

 Earlv. differing in no essential characteristic Brora the average of 

 the type. The ster ■nictimcs branched at the base, and 



the pods, though well filled, were, perhaps, more rounded than 

 blunt or square at the ends. 



McLean t > > — i and Beat. Ref 139. In a test of peas 

 in England in 1901. McLean First and Best was found a " fortnight 

 earlier than Sangster No. 1 " 



Perfection. Refs. 240; Grey Car. 1913. Perfection, 

 cataloged and given in Tracy s list of 1901, is a typical Extra Early 

 in pod, seed, and season; but the plant is very short, from 1 ' 2 to 

 1 1 tert 111 height. It apparently differs, in this respect, from the 

 Perfection given as a synonym for Maud S, and from Taber Per- 

 fection, a Sangster No. 1 type pea. while the seeds are too round 

 and too small for Harrison Perfection. Practically all of the very 

 numerous other Perfection peas are of the wrinkled type. 



Special Extra Early. Ref. 247. As described by Michel] 

 in 1902. his Special was earlier than other Extra Earlies. only 2 

 feet high, an immense cropper, with tender peas of highest quality. 



Grown here recently for three seasons it was as tall as other 

 strain 2 1 feet; began to flower low, 7th node; with a few 



basal branches; foliage abundant, between medium and light green 

 in color; pods rarely in pairs, short. 2 to 2 ' •_> inches; peas small, 5 

 to 7 in a pod; occasionally compressed, light green; seeds somewhat 

 pitted and indented. It was nearer a second than a first early, but 

 matured its crop promptly. 



Ki'tiiiy Extra Earl] Ref. 248' was grown for a cooking 

 test in South Dakota in 1903. It originated with Keeney, probably 

 just before 1903. 



It was 2' 4 feet high, among the earliest, with pods 3 inches 

 long and more than half an inch wide, averaging only 5.1 per vine, 

 and containing 5.9 peas of poor quality. — not tender nor sweet, 

 but dry. starchy and tasteless. i,See Pedigree Extra Early and 

 First in Market. 



Northwest Premier Ref. 249' was introduced prior to 1901 

 by May. It was said to be " 10 days earlier than any other pea; 

 an immense cropper, with pods of same attractive color as the 

 vine; " but no actual test records of it have been found. It was 

 listed in 1901 by several seedsmen. 



triumph Refs. 250, 251 I was listed in 1901, probably before 

 by Griffith & Turner,' as Extra Early Triumph. 



As grown at this Station in 1922 and 1923, an early type, 

 about 2 feet high, unbranched; pods small 1 1 ' „ to l r 's inches), 

 typically shaped from 8th or 9th node, single; peas 5 to 6, rather 

 large; seeds largely green, decidedly pitted or almost wrinkled. The 

 crops of pods were good. 



Good Luck. Ref. 252. In or before 1905, J. Bolgiano intro- 

 duced Good Luck as being much better than Alaska in many ways. 



As grown here for three seasons, from the introducers' seed, 

 it was a good type of Landreth Extra Early, but occasionally 

 branching, with leaflets sometimes in twos only, flowering lower on 

 the plants 8th node 1 and more freely, and producing pods averaging 

 hardly as long, but slightly more plump; so that the equally numer- 

 ous peas are a little larger. No increased productivity could be 

 noted, but Good Luck was a day or two earlier than Landreth Extra 

 Early. 



Pedigree Mr«i ami Beat Ref. 253 was called " the standard 

 extra early pea." It is probably identical with Pedigree Extra Early. 



Monarch «>f Earliea Ref. 254 1 appears to have been first 

 cataloged by Isbell in 1906 — as a " grand extra early " of moderate 

 height, ripening evenly; dry seed slightly wrinkled. 



As grown here for two seasons Monarch of Earlies seemed inter- 

 mediate between the Extra Earlies and Marrowfats, having about 

 the same vine characteristics, the earliness and the small seeds of 

 the former, and the long, pointed, often also dorsally pointed, pods 

 of the Marrowfats. The pods filled poorly, making the variety a 

 poor cropper. 



Earl) Dixie (Ref. 255) undoubtedly originated before 1911. 

 as it was then said to be popular witli Southern market gardeners; 

 but was not listed by Tracy in 1902. It was an extra early with 

 well tilled, light green pods. 



Maximua. Refs. 258; letter of Tait, Dec. 18,1926. Maxi- 

 mus was selected from the old Despot sometime before 1913, as 

 a pea for fall growth in the South. It is a full picking later than 

 the true extra earlies, but makes a profuse setting of broad, very 

 thick pods. It is now superseded. 



Mauretania. Ref. 259. Origin unknown, but since the 

 steamship for which it is named made the Transatlantic record in 

 1910. the variety undoubtedly originated between that year and 

 1913 when it was cataloged. It may be of English origin, since 

 seed of it was received from British Columbia. 



It was described by Leonard as very early, 2 to 2 > 3 feet high, 

 with light green pods 2 1 £ inches long, blunt, and small, white, smooth 

 seeds. It was called a great improvement over First and Best, which 

 it greatly resembles. 



As grown here, sown May 22, pods were ready in 40 days, our 

 record; and sown May 1 next year, it was 52 days to first picking. 

 The earliness was joined with very short vines, 10 to 15 inches, and 

 short pods, 1 ' 2 to 2 inches, broad, with pointed to rounded ends, 

 which contained 2 to 3 peas to a pod; but the following season gave 

 somewhat taller vines and larger pods. The peas and seeds were 

 larger than those of typical Extra Earlies. The foliage was very 

 scanty and very light green. 



From our experience Mauretania is not a promising variety, 

 as the yield of peas was very small through poor filling of the pods. 

 Earliness might commend it. 



Blue Ribbon Chieftain. Refs. 260; letter W. P. Stubbs, 

 Dec. 9, 1926. Wood, Stubbs & Co. introduced Blue Ribbon 

 Chieftain about 1913. W. P. Stubbs says it was a selected strain 

 of the First and Best type. 



Although a typical Extra Early in nearly all respects, its pods 

 are not quite so blunt as those of most of the group, and are more 

 frequently in pairs, giving a very good yield. The seeds are also 

 more or less mixed with green-skinned ones. The introducer claims 

 dwarfness of plants, deep green color and greater length of pods and 

 greater number of peas to the pod; but these characteristics were 

 not markedly shown in the variety as grown here for two seasons. 



Record Breaker. Ref. 261. This strain of Extra Early was 

 " worked up " for fall planting by Williams and listed in 1918, 

 but was discarded as unsatisfactory (letter from sales manager) 

 after two years' test. 



Peerless Extra Early (Ref. 262) was described in 1918 as 

 round seeded, absolutely free from runners, 2}i feet high. 



Eversure iRef. 263 1 was cataloged in 1924 by Galloway as 

 " a grand new pea; a first early, growing 2 feet high, a tremendous 

 yielder, withstanding drought very well." 



Vllan Extra Early. According to a letter from the J. H. 

 Allan Seed Co., Nov. 22, 1926, their many named and unnamed 

 extra early peas are now continued by selecting the best strain and 

 placing it on the market as Allan Extra Early. Dexter. Maud S, 

 Saxonia, Sunol, etc., are among the names thus discarded. 



MINOR VARIETIES OF TOM THUMB GROUP 



l>*arf Brittany. Refs. 7-10. Except for a trial of two 

 strains at this Station by Prof. Goff in 1884. Dwarf Brittany may 

 not have been grown in America; but it was early cultivated in 

 France and is still found there. It crossed to England but appar- 

 ently did not find favor. 



Quite similar to Spanish Dwarf, later, ripening over a shorter 

 season, very prolific for the size of the plants, and with slightly 

 Larger, better colored pods. 



Earl) l)»..irf. This name includes several varieties, some- 

 tunes Bishop Dwarf under one of its true or erroneous synonyms. 



sometimes an introduction with or without its originator's or 

 introducer's name. Some of these varieties came to America but 

 were so indefinitely listed, cataloged and described that it is impos- 

 sible now to segregate them. 



Paxton's Horticultural Register C»:207. 1834) describes an 

 Early Dwarf: 



Height l'j to 2 feet, with rather slender, short-jointed stems, 

 small dark green leaves, small tendrils, short petioles, and short 

 peduncles bearing two flowers which produce small, roundish, 

 slightly curved pods. It was " middling " early, a good bearer of 

 peas of good quality changing to very small, white seeds. 



this company, of Nov. 20, 1926. says Triumph was introduced by J. Bolgiano " more than thirty years ago.' 



