96 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



with acclimated stock should be better, as the variety is said to be 

 extraordinarily prolific in England. 



Vlloliiiint Holder Ref. 1 S* is quite similar to Referendum, 

 and was listed by Kelway at the same time, 1919. Allotment 

 Holder seemed more uniform in type, of good vigor and gave good 



ry g,s>d crops. This may be an old variety renamed. 

 It is slightly more dwarf than Referendum, a day or so earlier, 

 with vines lomewhal the Daisy type, rather " bunchy 



at top through si "a unfolding of upper leaves, with rather more 

 abundant foliage. pods decidedly longer. .! ' j to -1 inches, straight. 



. only moderately plump, not as well filled, with similar point I 

 cmls. the dorsum also often sloping to the tip, not s. i attractive, tho 

 longer and broader; )>cas 3 to 8. large, medium to dark green, more 



B oval or oblong and frequently indented: seeds not quite as 

 large as those of Referendum but equally wrinkled. 



Melting Marrow Ref. 27 was brought to America by 

 Henderson in 1905 as " one of the best of the recent English intro- 

 ductions; " but was not found in English pea lists. American 

 seedsmen, who have handled both, consider it practically indistin- 

 guishable from some of the varying strains of Sutton Excelsior. 



Seeds, from British Columbia, and the crop seeds from them, 

 were cream with only slight admixture of green mot as marked as 

 in most strains Excelsior ; pods straight, those of Sutton 



Excelsior slightly curved; so the variety is treated as distinct and 

 mentioned here. It gave good to very good crops, ready with New 

 Era. but pods were by no means as well filled as those of that 

 variety. 



Earl) Giant. Refs. 30; S. Dak. Sta. Bui. 85:5. 1904. Sut- 

 ton's Early Giant, introduced in 1896, was above medium height 

 in England; but in America, particularly at this Station, was dwarf, 

 seldom reaching 2 feet in height here, 2 ' ■> to 3 feet elsewhere. 



Flowers from 7th or 8th node up, on long, slender stalks; pods 

 3 ' » to 3 ' 2 inches, broad, not very plump, straight, very long pointed, 

 often with dorsum also sloping, and poorly filled; peas few, 2 to 

 4, very large, oval oblong and light colored, as were the pods. The 

 small percentage of peas to pods and moderate crops, not better 

 than good, condemn the variety for America, altho it is reported 

 as doing somewhat better in other tests. It was second early. 



-hi t".n Seedling. Refs. 31; S. Dak. Sta. Buls. i\7>:5. 1904; 

 and 91:8. 1905. Culverwell originated this pea, introduced by 

 Sutton in 1895. It was grown at the South Dakota Station in 1903 

 and 1904 and at this Station recently. It was neither quite as 

 early nor quite as dwarf as described by Sutton, but would be called 

 a dwarf second early. 



Pods 3 to 4 inches long, very slightly curved, with long-rounded 

 ends carrying small tips, poorly filled, and light, bright green; 

 peas large, light green: seeds large, oblong oval, flattened, rather 

 dull cream. The crops were poor. 



Crown Prime Ref. 42 originated in England with one of 

 that country's unnamed " famous hybridizers." and after wide- 

 spread trial in 1893, was introduced in 1896 by Johnson & Stokes. 

 It was said to be very dwarf, but at the New Jersey Station in 1898 

 was 2 ' 2 feet tall, medium late, with pods 4 inches long and very 

 broad. Of 30 varieties, it gave the best yield of pods, but these 

 filled poorly. The very favorable reports received from the intro- 

 ducers' trial packets seemed to warrant the claim that Crown 

 Prince usually gave 7 to 8 peas to the pod and " eclipsed Stratagem, 

 Telephone and others of its class in both quality and productiveness." 

 The blossoms were largely toward the top of the plants. A French 

 authority calls it an American pea, so the entire stock was probably 

 sent to this country; and says it resembled Eugenie, cream-seeded. 

 This explains its inclusion in this group. Perhaps it might better 

 be placed in the Large-podded Dwarf group. 



White Prolific Marrow. Refs. 43; Gregory Car. 1890. 

 This pea was introduced in 1884 by Sharpe and reached the United 

 States in 1890; but has never been extensively grown here. 



j feet tall, with an abundance of long, straight, 

 paired pods, well filled, ready in late midseason. Seeds were 

 wrinkled. 



t Market. Ref. 44. Vaughan introduced Sweet Mar- 

 ket in 1900, and it is probably an American pea. It is called second 

 early, but with us, at McMillan, Mich., and in South Dakota, it 

 was not ready until late midseason or after. 



Height often 2J£. feet, but in the dwarf class, the stout stems, 

 rarely branched, holding the plants quiet erect: foliage abundant, 

 dark green: pods often paired, from 11th node, or higher on tall 



vines, 3' ; j to 3 s ., inches long, quite broad, plump, straight or slightly 

 curved, blunt ended without distinct tips, of good green color, not 

 specially well filled; peas average about 5, very large, light green, 

 oval, oblong and compressed, of better than good quality, tho 

 hardly very good; seeds very large, quite irregular and well wrinkled. 

 The crops have not been especially good, poor filling of the pods 

 counterbalancing their pairing. 



MEDIUM HEIGHT PLANTS 



\ i«-k First Choice Ref. 45) was listed, without special notice, 

 in the 1920 Vick catalog, was overlooked and not tested here. This 

 is probably not the First Choice of Livingston, a dwarf. Stratagem- 

 like pea. 



The introducers claim it is very early semi-dwarf i3 to 3 1 ■> feet 

 tall . very prolific, with large, rich, dark green pods, containing 7 

 or 8 peas " having all the delicious sweetness of Gradus." The 

 seeds are white and wrinkled. 



Wonder Worker. Ref. 46. J. Bolgiano lists Wonder 

 Worker sometimes Workcrsi in his catalog of 1906, and the variety 

 from this seed has been grown at the Station for three seasons, while 

 seed also came to us from British Columbia under the name Bol- 

 giano's Wonder. This is apparently the same variety, like it in 

 most points, altho the seeds were fully one-half larger and the crop 

 10 days later. Neither the Baltimore nor the Washington Bolgiano 

 firm lists a Wonder. 



Height 2 1 2 to 3 feet, foliage of Alaska-type, occasionally 

 with a basal branch; flowers from 9th node; pods occasionally paired, 

 of Thomas Laxton type, 2 7 s to 3 ' , inches long, better developed 

 and plumper, more uniform, but slightly lighter in color, with a 

 beautiful bloom; peas average about 5 to the pod, not of very good 

 color, quality probably not as good; seeds smaller and usually 

 without the green that shows in Laxton. Crops good, only. 



McLean Wonderful. Refs. 47; Vick Car. 1869; Hogg 

 Card. Yr. Bk. 11:99. 1873. This Wonderful originated before 

 1860 with Dr. McLean, one of England's early and most productive 

 pea breeders, from a cross of Beck Gem with one of the best wrinkled 

 marrowfats. Turner introduced Wonderful and Dr. McLean's 

 Little Gem at the same time. It came to America quite promptly, 

 following Little Gem by three or four years, but was never as popular 

 as that variety. It was held to be the same as Princess, Prince of 

 Wales, and Yorkshire Hero, but the latter two varieties, at least, 

 now differ somewhat from the description of Wonderful. 



It was second early, almost midseason, three feet tall, branch- 

 ing, heavily podded from low on the stem; pods large, 2}£ to 3j^ 

 inches, slightly curved, often poorly filled but at their best with 7 

 or 9 large peas of excellent quality; seeds white, wrinkled. Hogg 

 says plant similar to Alliance, more even and regular, not so succu- 

 lent, two days later and much superior to it. 



Prolific. Ref. 52-57. At least five different "Prolific" 

 peas of the wrinkled or marrowfat type have been grown in the 

 United States, of which the descriptions are so incomplete and the 

 dates so overlapping that it is impossible to separate them definitely 

 or to be certain to which to assign the Prolific Marrowfat grown in 

 Station tests, especially as this shows some green seeds, while 

 descriptions of the varieties known to have come to America are all 

 classed as white-seeded. This difference might easily be due to 

 the change in seed color of peas grown under different conditions. 

 From its similarity to Dr. McLean, of which Sutton Prolific Marrow- 

 fat is said to be an improvement, our Prolific Marrowfat, from seeds 

 received from British Columbia, is probably Sutton's, with some- 

 what more green in the seeds. 



Height about 2 to 2}^ feet; foliage rather large, moderately 

 dark . pods from 1 5th node, 3 ' 4 to 4 ' £ inches long, broad, moderately 

 plump, straight but somewhat irregular, thick-walled, with long 

 rounded ends, moderately deep green in color; peas from 5 to 7, 

 fairly large, almost round and of good color; seeds round oval, much 

 flattened and indented, moderately wrinkled, of very good quality. 

 Crops in midseason, only fair. 



Lynn Wrinkled Marrow. Refs. 51-53; Country Cent. 

 20:79. 1862; Hogg Card. Yr. Bk. 11:100. 1873. This pea may 

 be really a Black-eyed Marrowfat, but the wrinkled seeds place 

 it here. It was known in England before 1855 and in America in 

 1862. It was said to be very productive and to resist drouth well; 

 but Hogg calls it an inferior variety. In this country it seemed very 

 early, but English data make it a midseason variety. 



