DESCRIPTIONS OF VARIETIES 



97 



Height 3' 2 to 4 feet, with small, cylindrical, nearly straight 

 pods, with 6 to 8 small peas so crowded in the pods as to be flat 

 on the ends, like sections of a cylinder. The dry peas were depressed 

 on the ends, wrinkled, white but with a black spot on the hilum. 



McLean Prolific. Refs. 54; Evans Cat. 1868; Hogg Gard. 

 Yr. Bk. 11:99. 1873. McLean Prolific was introduced by Turner 

 in 1860 and was listed in the United States in 1868. It was similar 

 to Knight's White Marrows. Hogg said it resembles Wonderful 

 i McLean i but has much larger pods (cuts show them half longer), 

 broad, slightly curved and blunt-pointed; and is two days later, 

 keeping long in good condition. 



Height 2'j to 3 feet, unbranched, with dark green foliage, 

 much blotched with white, with pods generally paired, and con- 

 taining 5 or 6 well-developed peas; medium early. 



James Prolific V> rinkled Marrow. Refs. 55; Rural N. Y. 

 33:108. 1874: Hogg Gard. Yr. Bk. 11:99. 1873. Out of 200 

 varieties tested this was one of 12 to receive a First Class Certificate 

 from the Royal Horticultural Society in 1873, and seems to have 

 been known in the United States in the next year. 



It was 3 feet tall, bore fine, large pods containing 6-9 peas 

 which were white and wrinkled when ripe. Hogg's figure shows 

 very heavy, long, broad pods with short necks, blunt ends and 

 parallel sides, and he says they are light green in color, well " sus- 

 tained from the stem " and nearly all fit for use at one time, in sea- 

 son with Wonderful. 



Sutton Prolific Marrow (Ref. 56 • was introduced in 1898 

 by Sutton as an improvement on Dr. McLean, being " extraordi- 

 narily productive and with deep green pods, 3 to 4 inches long, borne 

 all over the plant, each containing 8 to 10 peas." This is probably 

 the pea grown here and mentioned under " Prolific " (preceding 

 page I. 



Leviathan iRef. 671, a Carter pea, was advertised in England 

 in 1868, and in America in 1869, $1 a quart being asked for the seed, 

 then a very high price. 



It was a main-crop or late, white wrinkled pea, 4 to 6 feet 

 in height, with single, straight pods 4 to 4} 2 inches long, containing 

 7 large peas of fine flavor. 



Extra Early Leviathan came to the Station from the University 

 of British Columbia in 1922; and seems to be the same pea, slightly 

 shorter-stemmed and smaller-podded under our conditions, and 

 quicker in maturing because sown late. It gave a very poor yield. 



Edward VII. Refs. 68, 69; S. Dak. Sta. Bui. 91:5. 1915. 

 The Royal Horticultural Society gave an Award of Merit for Edward 

 VII in 1901, but in 1910 erroneously described a test of this pea 

 under King Edward VII, which name applies to a dwarf, green, 

 wrinkled pea sent to the Society gardens in 1901 by Cullen. Edward 

 VII was grown here in 1926 from seed produced at McMillan, 

 Mich., on the test plats of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. 

 The pea tested in South Dakota was probably King Edward VII, 

 as it seems too dwarf and too large-podded for Edward VII, tho 

 received under that name. 



As grown here Edward VII was 2 '4 feet tall, with very slender, 

 unbranched stems, occasionally round at the base instead of angular 

 as with most peas; foliage medium in color and amount, the small, 

 broad leaflets often being in 2s only; pods borne singly on long, 

 slender stalks, from the 7th node or 8th node, 2 to 3 inches in length, 

 quite variable, moderately wide, very plump, straight, filled to tip 

 and edge, blunt- to square-ended with a slight tip, light in color; 

 peas 3-5, large, round oblong, of fair color, but of poor quality; 

 seeds light cream-colored, about 100 to the ounce, very much 

 wrinkled. The crop was not good, tho fairly early. 



TALL PLANTS 



Incomparable. Refs. 70—75. As might be expected from the 

 name, there have been several Incomparable peas, two of which 

 are of the cream-seeded, wrinkled type, and one of them, at least, 

 grown in America. First of these was Ward Incomparable, intro- 

 duced in 1847. Tho unknown in the United States under this name, 

 British Queen and Tall White Mammoth, said by some to be identical 

 with it, have both been listed in this country. Other authorities 

 deny the synonymy; but say Incomparable was like Tall Mammoth 

 in growth and like British Queen in seed. This Incomparable is 

 described as Hay Mammoth. 



Hurst Incomparable, introduced in 1898, was grown at this 

 Station during two recent seasons. 



Height 2'4 to 2 ] 2 feet (shorter than in England), without 

 branches; foliage moderately abundant, dark green, somewhat 

 whitened, especially on the large stipules; flowers from 8th node; 

 pods on long, slender stalks, often paired, 3 1 , inches long, broad, 

 moderately plump, straight, not well filled, with pointed ends, the 

 dorsum also often sloping, lighter in color than the foliage (medium 

 green 1 ; peas 5 or 6, large to medium, round oval, light green, of 

 very good quality. The crops of pods were good or very good, 

 but the poor filling of the pods lowered the yield of the peas. 



A French description of this pea makes the vine taller, foliage 

 lighter in color, flowers single and beginning higher on the stem, and 

 pods longer, plumper, better filled, and slightly curved at the tips; 

 like Duke of York but nearly a week earlier and white seeded. 



Yorkshire Gem (Refs. 78; Rural N. Y. 17:113. 1888, 

 Kans. Sta. Rpt. 2:151. 1890) was, apparently, first advertised 

 in 1881, by Hurst, and first listed in America in 1888. It was tested 

 by several stations, including this one, in 1888 and 1889, and from 

 their notes the following brief description is compiled: 



Height 2 to 2 1 2 feet; stem stout, with very short internodes, 

 branching; foliage light, bluish green, or " glaucous deep green," 

 of 2 to 4, rarely 6, rather small, obtuse, faintly toothed leaflets 

 and strongly waved stipules, not whitened; pods often paired, lighter 

 in color than foliage, straight, 2 to 3 or 3 to 4 inches long; peas 4 to 

 6 or 6 to 8, large, compressed, of good quality; seeds much flattened, 

 " yellow " or " green and white," wrinkled. It was a late mid- 

 season pea, and a good bearer, as indicated by such expressions as 

 " pods very numerous," and " vines well covered with large, well 

 filled pods." 



Canning. Ref. U. S. D. A., B. P. I. Bui. 21:282. 1903. 

 This pea, origin unknown, was grown here in 1926 from seed secured 

 from the U. S. Department of Agriculture plats at McMillan, Mich. 

 It seems identical with Champion of Scotland and other varieties 

 of that group. Griffith's Canning, listed by Tracy, was probably 

 French Canner (Petit Pois). 



Glory of Somerset (Ref. 83) originated with Kelway before 

 1913. It was grown at this Station from seed sent by the Idaho 

 Station, but is probably not in commerce in America. It might be 

 classed either as dimpled or wrinkled; but we follow the introducer 

 and place it in this group. 



Height 2 [ 2 feet, foliage very dark colored; pods very large, 

 varying greatly in different seasons, 4 s ., to 4"s inches, and 3 to 3 3 4 ' 

 inches, respectively, broad, moderately plump, dark green, very 

 coarsely wrinkled before picking time, straight or slightly curved, not 

 well filled and with pointed or long-rounded ends, often dorsally 

 pointed also: peas vary with the pods, 7 to 8 or 4 to 5, very large, 

 oval or long oblong, dark green. The crops have been only 

 fair. 



Royal Early. Ref. 84. Moore, in 1909, calls this pea new, 

 but gives no history of it. 



As grown here for two seasons, it has varied considerably in 

 height, from 2 ' 2 to 3 f 2 feet, plainly showing indeterminate growth; 

 stems stout, with occasional basal or even medial branches; foliage 

 large, abundant to dense, dark to medium green, only slightly 

 whitened or glaucous; pods from 13th node, usually single but with 

 some pairs, 2 :i 4 to 3 '4 inches long, plump, slightly curved, well 

 filled, with blunt or square ends, of light color; peas about 6, much 

 compressed, of fair color and good quality; seeds larger, less cylindri- 

 cal, and more irregular than those of the Knight's Marrow group, 

 but somewhat of that type. The variety is late and gives only a 

 fair crop. 



Criterion. Refs. 86; N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 3:260. 1884. This 

 Criterion, a cream-seeded pea, was grown at this Station in 1884, 

 but probably not elsewhere in the United States. 



It was introduced prior to 1874 by Standish of Ascot, Eng., 

 and was quite favorably known in that country as a tall, second 

 early pea. 



As grown here: Of medium height only, 3 feet; stems rather 

 large, branched both at the base and above; foliage medium green, 

 lightly washed with white on the leaflets and heavily on the stipules; 

 pods often paired, 2 to 3 inches long, quite wide, plump, rounding to 

 the ends, fairly good green in color; peas 4 to 8, pale green, oval, 

 compressed in well -filled pods; seeds large 1 80 to oz.), much wrinkled, 

 with a slight admixture of green. It was not very prolific, was 

 ready in midseason and matured the crop rather promptly. 



Veitch Criterion, a green-seeded type, said to be superior to 

 Telephone, has escaped all American mention. 



Sir Arthur Bignold (Ref. 98) was sent by Holmes to the 

 Royal Horticultural Society in 1913 and given an Award of Merit 

 but failed to secure favorable notice in 1922. Seed of it was received 



