98 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



by this Station in 19.22 from the Idaho Station, but is not known to 

 have been grown elsewhere in America. 



It is exceedingly like Langport but with foliage decidedly 

 lighter in basal color, tho less whitened and with smaller leaflets and 

 stipules. The pods are of the same shape as those of Langport. 

 decidedly longer, somewhat narrower, and of lighter color, coming 

 very close to Telephone. It is rather earlier than Langport. but 

 'v as Telephone in our tests. The seeds are slightly 

 larger than those of Langport. otherwise indistinguishable from them. 

 The crops were fair to good. 



Emperoi afMinom, Rcfs. 99; Hogg Card. Yr. Bk. 11:96. 

 1873. Emperor of Marrows was advertised in 1871 by B. S. Wil- 



liams as a tall, blue, wrinkled, midseason or main crop marrow; but 

 English references, one or two years later, apparently to the same 

 pea, say it is a tall, late, white marrow much like British Queen. 



In our tests the seeds were of the same size and color, but 

 rounder, showing little or none of the cylindrical shape, and more 

 finely, but shallowly wrinkled, indicating very tender skin. The 

 plants differed very little from those of British Queen, but had 

 even denser, darker foliage: flowered and podded much lower on the 

 stems, 14th node, bore pods mostly in pairs, and these were better 

 colored, shorter, plumper, better filled, having 7 to 9 peas of fine 

 color and good quality. The crops promised to be very good but 

 were too late for accurate judgment. 



MINOR VARIETIES OF GEM GROUP 



l>riw l»«;irf Rcf. 3 was highly commended in various 

 American horticultural periodicals for a short time after its intro- 

 duction in 1 865 ; then dropped from notice. Its origin and parentage 

 •re not stated, but it is called " a great acquisition." " really a fine 

 sort; not the earliest, but can afford to wait for it;" " one of most 

 valuable introductions," and " as good as Champion of England in 

 quality." 



It was about 1 foot tall, branching profusely to form an erect, 

 dense bush, with peas of large size, tinged bluish, slightly wrinkled, 

 with tender skins unlike Champion of England ; medium early, and 

 very productive. 



Ih. Shah. Refs. 6, 6a; N. Y. Sta. Rpt. .1:253. 1885. The 

 Shah originated with Laxton before 1873, and was introduced in 

 1876 by Hurst. It was tested at this Station in 1884, but was never 

 much known in the United States. 



It was very early. " short -stra wed." with slender stem and 

 pale foliage like Extra Earlies. rarely branched; pods above the 

 6th or 7th nodes, single, short, 1 ' _• to 2 ' > inches, straight or slightly 

 curved, very plump, and very blunt at the ends when well filled; 

 peas 3 to 7. whitish green, much compressed in well-filled pods; 

 seeds medium sized, cream colored, much wrinkled. Tho early, 

 it matured slowly and was not very productive. 



Itli — Everbearing Ref. 16' originated with Arnold, and was 

 introduced in 1884 by Bliss. It may have come by selection or 

 crossing, from Yorkshire Hero, from which it was once said to be 

 indistinguishable. 



The Yorkshire Hero of today has broader pods and larger peas 

 than Everbearing: but the resemblance is otherwise close. 



Everbearing is taller than American Wonder, 2 to 2 ' 2 feet, 

 occasionally 3, with short internodes. much branched, especially 

 from ground level; foliage intermediate in abundance between that 

 of Wonder and Gem. little whitened, with quite large leaflets, some- 

 times in 6s. larger stipules, blunt -pointed; pods quite dark in color, 

 considerably longer than those of American Wonder, reaching 3' 2 

 inches, occasionally slightly curved at the tip, broad and quite 

 blunt at the end; peas somewhat larger and the seeds decidedly 

 larger than those of American Wonder, but of similar, rather coarsely 

 wrinkled type, from 5 to 7 to the pod. and when dry are more 

 frequently cream than green in color, often with a bluish shade. 

 The variety is ready in late midseason and crops over a long period, 

 giving a good, sometimes very good, yield. 



Everbearing may belong with Yorkshire Hero, rather than 

 with Gem- Wonder peas: but uncertainty in regard to parentage and 

 similarity of pods to those of Wonder place it here. 



I niversal Ref. 18 is placed with the Gems through lack of 

 data for other grouping. It originated about 1893 with Childs. 



Said to be half-dwarf. 1 J , feet tall, requiring no support, 

 ready two days after the earliest, and a good producer, averaging 

 5 peas to the pod. 



\.r% Dwarf Wrinkled Rcf. 19 , a " border," or edging, pea 

 :ich origin, grown at this Station in 1884. 



It appears to have been only 1 foot tall, with foliage of Little 

 Gem type and pods more like those of American Wonder, with large 

 peas and cream colored, much flattened, large, wrinkled seeds; 

 rather early, ripening slowly and quite prolific. 



Vermont Wonder. Refs. 20. 21. Hoskins probably de- 

 veloped Vermont Wonder before 1884. It had vines of the same 

 size and much like those of Little Gem, was in season with American 

 Wonder, 4 days after earliest peas, and said to be far ahead of it 

 in productivity and perfection of pods. 



\ irk I»v.nrf Ref. 22 was tested by a Vermont pea grower 

 in 1884, 1- ction. and was grown at this Station in 



1890. It was not listed by the introducers in 1892, being superseded 

 by King of the Dwarfs. 



A fine, wrinkled variety, 6 to 8 inches high, a week later than 

 American Wonder, and productive, some plants bearing 32, 2- to 

 3-inch pods, slightly recurved, blunt-ended, with 5 peas of medium 

 color and size. 



Cable Ref. 23 is credited to Alexander from an Advancer 

 x Little Gem cross, made before 1885. It was on sale in 1889 and 

 was tested by the Michigan and Vermont Stations in 1890. 



Ready two days after earliest in one test, and was 1 ' 2 feet 

 tall, branching, short -jointed, strong-growing, with paired pods, 

 often a dozen to the plant, each with 3 to 5 peas, large but not 

 uniform, sweet, and wrinkled. 



Sutton Earl) Gem Ref. 24) was grown at this Station in 

 1886. 



When sown on April 14, it gave usable pods in 56 days, with 

 5 to 7 peas per pod and 7 to 9 pods per vine, all ready within two 

 weeks. 



Kin:; ..f the Dwarfs. Refs. 25, 26: N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 6:330. 

 1888. Vick King of the Dwarfs was introduced in 1886 and is prob- 

 ably of Vick's own breeding, an American Wonder x Little Gem 

 cross. 



As grown at this Station in 1887, it appears to have been 1 to 

 l ] 4 feet tall, with a rather stocky, short-pointed, little-branched 

 stem; and deep green foliage of small, smooth leaflets and larger, 

 waved stipules, both distinctly whitened like Little Gem. The pods, 

 usually borne singly on short stalks, were 2 ' 2 to 3 inches long, 

 straight or very slightly curved, blunt -ended when fully developed, 

 plump, smooth, paler than the foliage; and contained 5 to 7 roundish 

 or slightly oval peas, much compressed when fully developed, whit- 

 ish green in color and of unsurpassed flavor. 



It was nearly as early as Little Gem, a better bearer and of 

 longer season. 



Sutton King of the Dwarfs, introduced in 1903, is similar to 

 Vick, but more like American Wonder, and slightly earlier. This 

 is probably not grown in America. 



Chelsea (inn. Ref. 27. Tho a pea of Gem type, Chelsea 

 Gem has been included in the group of Cream-colored, wrinkled 

 peas because of its unmixed cream-colored seeds. 



Delicious Refs. 28; N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 6:330. 1888 1, tested 

 at this Station in 1887, was listed by Gregory in 1888. The variety 

 was brought from England many years before by a lady who said 

 the pea had never been given to the public nor sold in any seed store. 



As grown here it was ready for use in 76 days from mid-April 

 planting, grew about 2 feet tall, strong-stemmed, sparingly branched, 

 with large, medium bluish-green foliage little whitened. The pods 

 were often paired, straight or slightly curved, rather blunt, smooth 

 surfaced and contained 5 or 6 rather large, pale green peas of specially 

 good quality. Delicious was very prolific in New York, but not in 

 Kansas. 



Earl] Epicure Ref. 29), not the Eckford pea, Epicure, 

 appears to have been introduced by Henderson before 1889, when 

 it was tested by at least two experiment stations and listed as already 

 on sale. Its history was lost with Henderson's early records, but 

 it was said to be an early, low-growing pea between American Wonder 

 and Little Gem. 



One station record makes it a second early pea, the other very 

 early, ready in 53 days from mid -April planting, or in 49 days when 

 sown in early May. The second station says it was 2 ;j to 1 foot 

 tall, usually with two strong branches, with small, bluish green, 

 often slightly serrate leaflets, single or paired pods 1 ' ; to 2 inches 

 long, slightly curved and with 4 to 6 peas of excellent quality, 



