102 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



in plant and pod, with more bloom on foliage and deeper green color 

 on pods. 



Dwarf Main Crop iRef. 83 I was from the same source as the 

 preceding variety, and also tested here in 1888. It was of Sutton 

 Excelsior type, and seems to have resembled it in most characters, 

 but later and with much less wrinkled, green and white seeds. 



Renown (Refs. 84; Rural N. Y. 51:314. 1895) originated 

 with Eckford, before 1890; and was brought here in 1895, but did 

 not gain a permanent place. 



Apparently of Horsford Market Garden type; and said to be a 

 fine main crop variety, robust, 2 ' o feet tall, with abundant, deep 

 green, square-ended pods and peas of first rate quality. 



Sutton Favorite. Refs. 85; S. Dak. Sta. Bui. 85:5. 1904. 

 This, one of many Favorites, was introduced by Sutton in 1895, and 

 was tested, for cooking quality especially, at the South Dakota 

 Station in 1904 and 1905, the two tests not agreeing. The variety 

 has probably never been in commerce in the United States. 



It is quite different in type from most of the varieties in the 

 group; dwarf, IJ2 to 2 feet tall; stems fairly strong, internodes 

 short, branched above ground level; foliage dark green; pods single, 

 light green in color, coarsely wrinkled or covered with shallow, 

 irregular protuberances, about 3 ' 2 to 4 inches long, very broad, 

 flattened-oval in section to almost flat at edge, short rounded to 

 nearly blunt at the end, with noticeably flat tip; peas about 6, 

 large, pale green, sweet. It is a second early, said to bear an 

 abundant crop of its broad, heavy pods. 



Pierremont Gem (Refs. 88, 89) was distributed by Kent 85 

 Brydon, in 1898, and grown in tests in this country in 1903 and 1904. 

 It is said to have originated from a double cross (Earliest of All x 

 Sharpe Queen, x American Wonder). 



Its dwarfness, 1 to 1 '4 feet, places it in this group rather than 

 with Ne Plus Ultra, which it is said to resemble in pods. These 

 were borne singly, were noticeably square-ended, 2 3 4 to 3'.j inches 

 long, broad and straight, dark green, contained 6 or 7 large, wrinkled, 

 bright green peas, and were borne singly or occasionally in pairs 

 from 9th or 10th node. It was a second early, about a week later 

 than American Wonder; and gave fair yields. 



Ideal (Refs. 90; Steckler Cat. 1918) originated with Sutton, 

 in 1901; but apparently was not listed here until 1918, and even now 

 is but little known. 



It is taller than Sutton Excelsior, 2 '4' to 2 J 2 feet, with rather 

 slender stems, making support advisable, with medium length 

 internodes, and only occasional basal branches; foliage less abundant, 

 finer, with stipules glaucous and much whitened by large spots 

 and blotches, bloom scanty; flowers white, borne singly from the 

 8th node; pods dark in color, from a quarter to a half inch shorter 

 than those of Sutton Excelsior, but much plumper, occasionally 

 thicker than wide, and saddle-backed, well filled to the short- 

 rounded or blunt end which bears a distinct tip; peas few in number, 

 rarely over 5, but very large, round or slightly indented, oblong, 

 dark green in color, sometimes with a yellowish tint; seeds much 

 smaller than the size of the green peas indicates, ranging from 104 

 to 121 to the ounce, roughly spherical, somewhat indented, only 

 moderately wrinkled, and may be, from different sources, largely 

 cream with some grayish green, about equally cream and medium 

 green, or practically all good medium to dark green. Ideal is fully 

 as early as Excelsior, and gave good crops. 



Victor and Victor Marrowfat. Refs. 92-94; Barnard 

 Car. 1921. Three peas, of the same or confusingly similar names, 

 fall in this section, none of which has been grown in our tests, 

 or sufficiently described in American catalogs to make identity 

 certain. 



In chronological order these are: 



Eckford Victor, originated by Eckford about 1883, as a 

 Champion of England x Advancer cross. It was dwarf, 2 ' ■> feet 

 tall, robust, with paired, fine, well-filled, square-ended pods con- 

 taining 6 or 7 large peas. It was second early in season. 



Victor Marrowfat, introduced by Carter, was only IJ2 feet 

 tall, of bushy habit, with dark green foliage and paired, dark green 

 pods containing 7 large, " delicious " peas. It also was apparently 

 a second early, and a " good cropper." 



Victor, introduced by Veitch (1), is described in the Pointed- 

 podded section of this group. 



Of the American grown pea of this group, we know only that 

 it was a productive, midseason variety, 2 feet tall, with large, dark 

 green pods, and peas of excellent quality. 



Sutton Ineomparable (Refs. 95; Rice Cat. 1918) was 

 introduced in 1908. Because of failure to recognize it as distinct 

 from Hurst Incomparable, the Sutton pea was not grown in our 

 tests. 



It is recorded by American seedsmen as one of the best main 

 crop varieties, about 3 feet tall, very sturdy, with large stem, and 

 producing a heavy crop of 5-inch pods, very broad, square at the 

 end and dark green in color. English descriptions add branching at 

 base, flowering at 14th node, pods single and paired, inflated. In 

 America it matures with Telephone or earlier, in England is called 

 second midseason. 



Perfection (Ref. 96), one of the largest peas so named, is of 

 unknown origin; but is apparently distinct from all others. It was 

 grown here from seed from the Pacific Coast, where it seems to be 

 best known. It may be Veitch Perfection. 



It is very similar to Yorkshire Hero but more drooping in 

 habit, with only scattered medial branches, larger and more regular 

 shaped leaflets in 4s as well as 6s, much larger, round-tipped stipules 

 more deeply clasping, both leaflets and stipules being distinctly 

 glaucous as well as whitened; pods borne singly from the 13th or 

 14th node on short, thick stalks, often half an inch longer than those 

 of Yorkshire Hero, and average somewhat larger, tho less uniform, 

 even broader, but not quite so plump, straight, better filled to the 

 tip but not to the edge, blunt to square at the end and without dis- 

 tinct tips; peas not so large nor so much compressed, oblong, and 

 medium green in color; seeds average one more to the pod and are 

 decidedly smaller than those of Yorkshire Hero, deeply indented, 

 not as well wrinkled and with a larger percentage cream colored, 

 with little or no bluish shading. Perfection is earlier than York- 

 shire Hero but not as good a producer. 



Top O" Th* Morn iRef. 97) originated with Keeney and was 

 introduced by Vaughan in 1919. It was also sent to England about 

 1915; but apparently attracted little attention. It was grown here 

 from both originator's and introducer's seeds. It is of Sutton 

 Excelsior type, but differs from it in several points. 



Rather more dwarf, 1 to 1, ! '2 feet, more erect; foliage rather 

 less abundant and decidedly lighter colored, with leaflets not as 

 broad, and stipules blunt-tipped rather than rounded, with shallow 

 teeth and more glaucous; tendrils small and inconspicuous; pods not 

 as broad, plumper, wrinkling earlier, better filled, rather more blunt 

 at the end and without noticeable tips, medium green, not holding 

 freshness well; peas 5, medium to large, medium green, indented, 

 oval to oblong; seeds a trifle larger but otherwise very similar to 

 those of Excelsior, becoming much more wrinkled and greener in 

 color under some growth conditions. 



Early Dwarf, or Prinee Arthur. Refs. 98-100; Roy. 

 Hort. Soc. Jour. 41:287. 1915. Catalogs of the firm and the 

 reference given above indicate that Sutton first introduced this pea 

 as Early Dwarf in 1910 and changed the name in 1915 to Prince 

 Arthur, under which name it was " Highly Commended " by the 

 Royal Horticultural Society in 1920. 



It was grown here in recent tests, under the second name, from 

 seed from British Columbia, and from the introducer, but is not 

 known to be on sale in the United States unless it be as Rice Early 

 Dwarf, which is very similar to, if not identical with. Prince Arthur. 

 Rice describes his early dwarf as a dark-podded Sutton Excelsior. 

 Our descriptions gave the pod color as medium green (Rice " very 

 dark green " I, which was the only marked difference between it and 

 Prince Arthur, a dark-podded pea. Rice Early Dwarf and both 

 strains of Prince Arthur were 4 or 5 days earlier than Excelsior. 

 To say that Prince Arthur and Rice Early Dwarf are early, dark- 

 podded and slightly more dwarf, Sutton Excelsior well describes 

 each variety. Neither was quite as productive as the older variety. 



Record Breaker Siv \\ ccks (Ref. 102) originated with, and 

 was introduced by, Salzer previous to 1923. Different stocks of it 

 were grown here, so differing in characteristics that we must depend 

 on a letter from the introducers for partial description. Vines dark 

 green; leaves medium size; pods 2 > 2 to 3 inches long, round, blunt, 

 containing 6 or 7 peas. 



Bestever Ref. 103) originated with A. R. Ward, and was 

 introduced by the Grand Junction Seed Co. in 1924. 



As grown here: Height 2'o to 3 feet; stem rather slender, 

 unbranched; foliage scanty to medium, light green, with leaflets 

 in 4s, above medium in size and breadth, and much larger, round- 

 tipped stipules, only slightly serrate, both whitened and somewhat 

 glaucous; flowers from 6th to 7th node, very low for such tall plants, 

 single and in pairs on long, slender stalks; pods 3 to 3} i inches long, 

 moderately broad, very plump, straight, well filled to the rounded 

 tipless ends, and very light in color; peas about 7, of medium size, 

 not much indented, oval to oblong and yellowish green in color; 



