DESCRIPTIONS OF VARIETIES 



103 



seeds large, round oval, sometimes almost cylindrical, almost equally 

 cream and green, well wrinkled. It is very early and bears good 

 crops. 



DAISY SECTION 

 Mayflower. Refs. 106; Breck Cat. 1913; letter from Jas. 

 Carter 8s Co., April 19, 1927. Mayflower originated with Carter 

 in 1899. from a cross between Daisy and Wm. Hurst. It is not 

 much known in the United States and is now not listed here, the 

 seeds for our tests coming from British Columbia. 



As grown here it is very dwarf, not reaching a foot in height, 

 unbranched, darker in foliage but lighter in pods than Buttercup, 

 and with more pointed pods; peas similar in shape, but also lighter 

 in color, and seeds all light bluish green and well wrinkled. It was 

 a first early or early variety and gave very good crops. In recent 

 English tests it seems to have lost its earliness. 



Model Mayflower, originated by the same firm in 1910, a 

 selection from Langley Gem, has not reached the United States. 



Daffodil (Refs. 107; Johnson Seed Co. Cat. 1909) is also a 

 Carter pea, introduced a year later than Buttercup and Mayflower 

 and said to be a distinct improvement on British Wonder. 



It was noticeably "bunchy" in early growth, 1}{ feet tall, 

 with moderately stout stem, erect but drooping with age and weight 

 of pods; unbranched; foliage rather scanty; leaflets in 2s and 4s, 

 slightly glaucous, dark green, large, very broad, having blunt or 

 notched tips; stipules varying from slightly smaller on lower nodes 

 to much larger above, dark green but whitened and very glaucous; 

 blossoms began &t 10th node, single; pods 3 inches long on short, 

 heavy, often leafy, stalks, straight, rather slender, long rounded at 

 the ends, sometimes dorsally pointed, without tips, dark green, 

 and well filled; peas 5 to 9, very large, indented, ovate or oblong, 

 sometimes wedge-shaped, dark green. The pods were heavy walled 

 and held their freshness and color well. It was almost first early 

 in season and gave good crops. 



Swastika, Te Aroha, and Good Luck. Refs. 108-111. 

 It is practically impossible to say how many varieties of wrinkled 

 peas are included in the names given above; and Good Luck is also 

 used for a smooth-seeded variety. The Swastika symbol betokens 

 good luck, and Te Aroha is the Maori word for " Good Luck," this 

 name being applied to a pea originating with F. Cooper, Wellington, 

 New Zealand. Swastika, listed in 1909 by Vick, differs very little, 

 in the characters that are given, from Te Aroha as tried here from 

 seed grown in the U. S. Department of Agriculture plats in northern 

 Michigan, but is quite unlike Swastika as grown at this Station from 

 British Columbia seed. The latter seems to correspond to the Te 

 Aroha listed by Burnett Bros., while Good Luck, listed by the 

 Routledge Seed Co., but probably from Hawaii originally, is appar- 

 ently the same as Vick's Swastika and Te Aroha from the U. S. 

 Department of Agriculture collection as we grew it. The differ- 

 ences, as nearly as we can determine, are of plants, rather than of 

 pods and seeds ; and these might easily vary in the many changes in 

 locality made. Bunchiness of the growth from upper internodes 

 was noted for all the varieties or strains that we grew. 



The pods are recorded as 2 3 4 ' to 3}'2 inches and 2)2 minimum 

 with 3 to 3 :, 4 usual, for the two lots, both being noted as " uneven," 

 other variations in description sheets are " broad " or " moderately 

 broad," " plump " or " moderately plump," " straight " or " very 

 slightly curved," and number of peas 3 to 7 or 4 to 8, and size of 

 peas " very large " or " large." The pods were " rounded " or 

 " rounded to pointed," and medium green in color, none of these 

 differences being clearly enough cut, or so characteristically grouped, 

 that separation of the two types is possible. They were the same 

 in season, second early, and neither gave better than a fair or fair 

 to good crop. 



Perfect (Ref. 17) was offered in 1899 by Burpee; was carried 

 only a short time by that firm, and apparently nowhere else listed. 



Height 2)2 to 3 feet; growth vigorous: foliage large. It was 

 late, probably above average in yield, and bore 4)2 to 5 J 2-inch pods, 

 1 inch broad, with " greatly sloping points," containing 5 to 7 large, 

 dark green peas of finest quality. 



Edwin Beckct. Refs. 18; Johnson Seed Co. Cat. 1913. 

 This pea was named for its originator, Edwin Becket, gardener on a 

 large English estate; and introduced by Cutbush about 1900 when 

 it received a First Class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural 

 Society. It is supposed to be a Gradus x Duke of Albany cross, 

 and in England would undoubtedly be placed in the Telephone 

 group. As grown in the United States, however, it is semidwarf. 



Height 2" 4 feet, about half a foot more than Dwarf Telephone; 

 stems more slender, unbranched; foliage light green; leaflets rather 

 larger; stipules rounded, less serrate and much whitened; flowers 

 large, distinctly green at the base; pods shorter, borne singly from 

 the 8th node up on long, slender stalks, more like those of Early 

 Morn, being poorly filled and long rounded at the tips; peas similar 

 in shape and size to Dwarf Telephone; of very good quality, but 

 not as sweet as some other varieties, possibly through premature 

 disappearance of the sugar, which the very noticeable wrinkling 

 might indicate; seeds nearly all light to medium green in color, 

 and among the best and finest wrinkled of all varieties grown. 

 It was a midseason variety of poor productivity. 



Market Master (Ref. 19 1 was introduced in 1900 by Johnson 

 & Stokes, and said to be a new pea from England. 



It was grown here recently from British Columbia seed; 

 and seemed much like Dwarf Telephone reduced in height, 1 3 4 to 

 2 feet, but flowering and podding much higher up the stem, 14th 

 to 15th node, and not so frequently branched; foliage similar, but 

 more whitened, rather coarser, and with round-tipped stipules; 

 pods slightly broader and flatter, poorly filled and more pointed, 

 without distinct tips, rather light in color; peas larger, more indented 

 and more oblong, poor in color, but of good quality; seeds very light 

 bluish green, smaller and more wrinkled. Season was the same, and 

 crop rather better than that of Dwarf Telephone. 



Dwarf Junibo. Ref. 20. Only scanty details are given of 

 Dwarf Jumbo, introduced by Salzer in 1901, but figures for height, 

 1*3 to 2"3 feet, and pod length, 6 inches, place the variety in this 

 group; the illustration shows pointed pods. It was classed as early. 



Green Gem. Refs. 21, 22; Darling Car. 1913. Green 

 Gem originated with Sutton, was introduced in 1901, and received 

 an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society in 1905. 

 It was many years in reaching America and has never been widely 

 grown, tho having an attractive pod, and peas of high quality. 

 Seed of it came from the Idaho Station and from British Columbia. 



It was very similar to Market Master, but not quite as tall, 

 with larger foliage, deeper green, but more whitened, and bearing, 

 from the 9th node, single pods on short, thick stalks, hardly as long, 

 but more uniform, giving about the same average length, rather 

 more pointed, with a distinct dorsal slant to the point, without any 

 distinct tip, not quite as well filled, but of much better color, as 

 were the peas. It was a week or ten days earlier than Market Master 

 or Dwarf Telephone, but not very productive. 



King Edward VII. Refs. 23, 24; Portland Seed Co. Cat. 

 1909. Much confusion exists between King Edward, King Edward 

 VII, and Edward VII, distinct varieties, but the one here referred to 

 was sent for trial to the Royal Horticultural Society in 1901 by 

 Cullen, and was later listed by Carter as King Edward VII Dwarf. 

 It probably first reached America in 1908, was listed by several 

 western firms, but was not found for our recent tests. 



It was evidently very similar to Green Gem, the dark color of 

 foliage and pods being emphasized; and both English and American 

 references give its height as 1 J 2 feet. It was said to bear paired, 

 pointed pods, and to yield heavily. In tests at Wisley in 1925 

 (Roy. Hoit. Soc. Jour. 52:107. 1927) it is called second early, 

 and said to resemble Sherwood, but with pointed pods. 



Matchless Wonder (Ref. 25) was introduced in 1901 by 

 Northrup, as a wrinkled pea as early as Alaska, lJ-3 to 2} 2 feet tall, 

 with large pods, broad and occasionally slightly curved, very long 

 pointed and with long necks. 



Dwarf Giant-podded. Refs. 26-28. J. Bolgiano listed 

 Dwarf Giant-podded Prolific Green Marrow as early as 1901 and 

 later sent us packets labeled " Prolific " and " Green Marrow " 

 which proved identical with the pea under the longer name. Appar- 

 ently the same pea was listed by Burpee in 1904 under the short 

 name, but no clue is given to the history unless Alexander Prolific, 

 originated about 1885, is the original variety. This, the data given 

 for Alexander's pea are not extensive enough to confirm; but do not 

 contradict. 



As grown here, as Dwarf Giant-podded, or as Prolific (from 

 Bolgiano), very similar to Dwarf Telephone, but with darker, 

 coarser foliage, round-tipped stipules clasping the stem very deeply; 

 producing small flowers higher on the stems, 15th to 17th node; 

 pods very similar, not as well filled, better colored; peas larger and 

 better colored. The season is the same and Dwarf Giant-podded 

 the better producer. 



Victor Marrowfat (Ref. 29) was introduced by Carter about 

 1904, and probably never reached America. It is mentioned here 



