114 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



washed with grayish; its pods, from 7th node, 3j-£ to 4 inches long, 

 broad, curved, light green in color, and well filled; peas 5 or more, 

 large, of excellent quality. It was ready about with Advancer, 

 rather earlier than Senator, matured uniformly, and was only 

 moderately productive. 



Sterling (Ref. 14a) was grown at the Michigan and Arkansas 

 Stations in 1894 from seed supplied by the U. S. Department of 

 Agriculture. In Arkansas the vines " made rank growth," but in 

 Michigan were severely affected by drouth so no data are given. 



The pods were long, slender, curved, not evenly or well filled; 

 peas of fair size and good flavor; seeds " blue " wrinkled. It was 

 ready 10 days after the earliest variety; "not specially desirable." 



Maincrop. Refs. 15, 16. The " Maincrop " peas are 

 innumerable and separation in many cases impossible; but two, 

 grown at this Station, appear to be these: 



(1) Maincrop, from seed received here in 1888 from the Spe- 

 cialty 86 Novelty Seed Co., Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire, Eng.: 



Taller than Senator, 4-5 feet., unbranched, foliage medium 

 green, little whitened; pods numerous, often paired, 2 \ o to 3 inches 

 long, broad, somewhat curved, slightly paler than foliage, with 4-6 

 large, flattened or compressed peas; midseason. 



(2) Veitch Maincrop, recently grown from University of British 



Columbia seeds: 



Shorter than Senator, 2Y2 feet, much earlier, stems and 

 foliage very similar, pods one-fourth inch shorter, broader, well 

 curved, slightly more pointed, similar color, not so well filled, many 

 seeds abortive, peas similar and seeds larger; not as productive. 



Glory of Devon. Refs. 17; Vaughan Car. 1908. R. Veitch 

 received an Award of Merit for this pea from the Royal Horticultural 

 Society in 1899 and it is many times noticed in English pea litera- 

 ture, being called in 1925 a " popular West Country maincrop pea." 

 Veitch Perfection is given as one of its parents. It was introduced 

 into America in 1908. As grown here, from British Columbia seed: 



Height: 2} 2 feet, and otherwise similar in plant to Senator, 

 with foliage distinctly marbled; pods decidedly shorter, broader, 

 much curved, very poorly filled; peas usually only 3 or 4, very large, 

 broad, oval or oblong, flattened, dark green. Its season was about 

 that of Senator, perhaps a little later; but it was not productive. 

 Evidently not adapted to our conditions, as it was carried but a few 

 years by either of its American introducers. 



Rearguard. Ref. 22. Dickson (2) claims introduction of 

 Rearguard, tho it was sent to the Royal Horticultural Society in 

 1910 by another seedsman. It received an Award of Merit in 1917. 

 It was grown here from Idaho Station seed and has not been found 

 in American catalogs. 



Hardly of Senator type, the pods being broader and less curved; 

 but since it is classed in England as an improved Gladstone, it seems 

 best to place it in the group with that variety. Plants quite like 

 those of Senator; foliage of about the same shade, modified by heavy, 

 bluish bloom; pods begin higher on the stem, 16th node, frequently 

 paired. Some pods broader and less curved as indicated above, 

 darker than those of Senator, not so well filled; peas 7 in better pods, 

 rather darker than Senator's but occasionally showing a yellowish 

 tinge. The variety, as the name indicates, is very late, but paired 

 pods give yield equal to Senator. 



President (Ref. 231 was tested at the Royal Horticultural 

 Society Gardens in 1911, being sent by Dickson & Robinson, Man- 

 chester, Eng., presumably the introducers. A later test in the 

 Royal Horticultural Society Gardens showed President " too much 

 like Union Jack," but it was later and gave a very good crop. Not 

 found in American catalogs but tested here from seed sent by the 

 Idaho Station. 



It is essentially Senator, with dark, bluish green foliage and 

 darker pods, tho the peas are apparently of no better color. Other 

 differences were very slight. 



Star of Australia (Ref. 241 is of unknown origin, but it was 

 grown here from University of British Columbia seed and seemed an 

 inferior Glory of Devon, with rather larger pods, lighter colored and 

 poorly filled. The peas were large and of good quality ; but the crop 

 was very poor. 



Janus kelway (Ref. 25) originated with Kelway in 1912, 

 and is a dwarf Senator with broader, less curved, dark green pods. 

 As grown here from Idaho Station seeds: 



Height 1 3 4 to 2 feet : stems stout, erect, greenish white, needing 

 no support, somewhat branched; foliage abundant, dark green; pods 

 large, uniform, well filled; peas 6 or 7, medium to large, oblong, 



indented, dark green, of very good but not the best quality. Under 

 our conditions the pods were borne singly; but even so gave good 

 crops. In England the pods are usually in pairs and probably would 

 be elsewhere under better pea-growing conditions, since the variety 

 set its greenish white flowers very freely and often in pairs. The 

 season was a few days later than that of Senator, and the pods 

 matured promptly. 



Union Jaek. (Refs. 26; Morse Car. 1922. Union Jack 

 probably originated with Hurst before 1918, when sent the Royal 

 Horticultural Society for testing. It was brought to America in 

 1922, and seed of it came to us from Idaho and from British Columbia 

 in that year. 



Aside from a little more vigor, greater height of vine and size 

 of pod from the British Columbia seeds, which were more wrinkled, 

 the strains were identical, and both very much like President, tho 

 later and with less curved and broader pods, those from the Brit- 

 ish Columbia seed being better filled. Union Jack, like President, 

 may be described as a late, dark-podded Senator. As noted 

 under President, a later test made Union Jack the earlier of the two 

 varieties. 



Giant Exhibition (Ref. 27) was listed by Salzer in 1918 as 

 the " largest pea grown;" but in our tests it has not given as large 

 pods as several varieties of the Telephone type. It is excluded 

 from that group by the curve of the pods, most noticeable near the 

 tip. 



Plants more like those of Telephone than of Senator, 3)^ feet 

 tall; stems stout with occasional medial branches, foliage light green 

 but abundant, with large, whitened, sharp-tipped stipules having 

 shallow teeth up to the middle; flowers from 10th node up, single, 

 on long, rather heavy stalks; pods light green, Z"'/% to 4j^ inches 

 long, broad, narrow oval in section, only moderately plump, usually 

 but not always filled to the tip and seldom to the edge; peas dark 

 green, larger than those of Senator but much smaller than those of 

 Telephone. It is the latest pea in the Senator group and a poor 

 cropper. 



Advance Guard (Ref. 28) originated with Unwin, and was 

 introduced as a novelty in 1921. So far as known, it has been 

 grown in the United States only in tests — by the U. S. Department 

 of Agriculture and this Station. 



Dwarf, 1} 2 to 1 3 4 feet tall (twice as tall in England), with a 

 few basal branches; foliage abundant, rather dark, bluish, very 

 coarse, only slightly whitened; flowers medium sized, very green at 

 the base, from 11th to 13th node, paired; pods rarely paired, of 

 typical Senator type, but less curved, 3 J-jj to 3 1 g inches long, uniform, 

 rather narrow but plump, well filled both to edge and rounded to 

 long-rounded, tipless end; peas 7 to 9, large, square to almost 

 cylindrical, medium green, of very good quality; seeds of medium 

 size, broad oval, or oblong, flattened, very well wrinkled and almost 

 uniformly light bluish green in color, with only an occasional seed 

 showing a tint of cream. It gave in midseason very good crop, for 

 a variety recently brought across the Atlantic. In England it 

 develops " rabbit ear " rogues. 



Freedom (Ref. 29), from Hurst, was given an Award of 

 Merit by the Royal Horticultural Society in 1922. So far as known, 

 it has been grown in America only at this Station; but seems worthy 

 of inclusion because of its productivity, which too many English 

 varieties lack when first imported. 



Freedom is an improved and earlier Gladstone, 2-2 '^ feet 

 tall, stout-stemmed, erect, occasionally with branches near the top 

 of the stems and with abundant, dark foliage, whitened on both 

 leaflets and stipules; pods single, from 12th to 14th node, practically 

 indistinguishable from those of Gladstone, well filled and produced 

 more freely, making this one of the best of the broad-podded, 

 Senator-type peas. 



Phenomenon (Ref. 30) originated with Sutton in 1922, and, 

 like Freedom, is known in America only by growth in test plats, at 

 Wisconsin Station and at this Station. 



Very dwarf, l 1 ^ feet here, but slender-stemmed (said to be 

 " stout " in England 1, and drooping, branched both at the ground 

 and above; foliage abundant, medium green or dark yellowish green, 

 like that of Senator; pods from 12th node, often paired, very large, 

 sometimes reaching 5 inches (which, surprisingly, is as long as 

 reported for England), broad, moderately plump, slightly but 

 distinctly curved, dark green, not always well filled: peas in good 

 pods 6 to 9, large, oblong, flattened, sometimes almost triangular, 

 smooth surfaced, dark green. The pods are ready a few days after 

 those of Senator, are very smooth just before picking time, but soon 

 wrinkle coarsely. They are much like those of Jas. Kelway, but 

 broader. The above descriptions indicate a very good variety; but 

 unfortunately it seems not adapted to our conditions and gave only 

 poor to fair crops. 



