DESCRIPTIONS OF VARIETIES 



39 



circular in cross-section: ends very abruptly rounded to truncate. 



Hilum small and flattened. Color deep buff pinkish cinnamon to 



orange cinnamon under color, mottled and splashed over the 



greater portion of the surface with varying shades of deep reddish 



brown bay and auburn . 



Canadian Express. Refs. 53. This variety was 

 introduced by Carter sometime before 1925, as coming 

 from a Sunrise x Canadian Wonder cross. It is both 

 earlier and more productive than Canadian Wonder. 



Pods very long, 6 ] j to "'_> inches, almost straight, slender, 

 rather flat, very long-tipped, green, crisp and tender when young, 

 slightly stringy later: seeds one-fourth smaller than those of 

 Canadian Wonder, slender but fairly plump, very long oval with 

 eye-side straight, very rarely kidney-shaped, rich crimson purple 

 or purplish maroon, darker than Canadian Wonder, darker eye-ring 

 hardly noticeable. 



Chalandray. This is an old French variety, 

 grown for half a century as a forcing bean; it is also, as 

 Superb Early Forcing, grown in England for the same 

 purpose. Chalandray was tested and described at 

 Geneva and at the Missouri Botanical Garden; listed 

 by Thorburn and described by Tracy and Jarvis as 

 Veitch's Forcing. 



Plant very dwarf and compact with small, long bright green 

 leaflets, somewhat blistered and curled. Pods medium in length 

 but variable, slightly curved, almost round in cross-section, long- 

 tipped, fleshy, green, much like those of Wonder of France, but 

 considerably swollen over the beans. Seeds medium-sized, about 

 130 to the ounce, short broad oval or slightly ovate, usually some- 

 what flattened but occasionally nearly round in cross-section, with 

 short-rounded ends, not truncate, yellowish brown, sometimes 

 lighter at one end and often with greenish iines along the sutures. 



Chevrier. Refs. 53. Syn. Chevrier Vert. This 

 selection from Green Flageolet originated about 1878 at 

 Bretigny, just south of Paris, with the market gardener 

 whose name it bears. It was commercially distributed 

 in 1880 and soon became very popular around Paris. 

 It was grown at this Station in 1883, but seems not to 

 have been regularly listed until 1894. Chevrier is not 

 quite as hardy or disease-resistant as Wonder of France, 

 which followed it. The pods, except when very small, 

 are of poor quality, tough and stringy. 



It differs from White Flageolet, and its earlier green-seeded 

 strain. Green Flageolet, mainly in a marked intensification of the 

 green pigmentation, extending to all parts of the plant but horti- 

 culturally important in pods and seeds. It appears to be most 

 reliable of all the green-seeded beans in this respect; altho in the 

 early tests at this Station the green of the seeds showed faintly or 

 not at ai!, probably because of delayed harvesting. Usually the 

 green extends through the cotyledons and imparts a fine color to 

 the cooked beans. 



Cholet. Refs. 51. Vilmorin introduced Cholet 

 shortly before it was brought to America by Henderson 

 in 1907. The Royal Horticultural Society gave it the 

 " highest award " in 1910. It is similar to Early 

 Refugee in foliage color, leaf characters and roundness 

 of pod. 



Plant dwarf, compact, vigorous; foliage dark green; leaflets 

 small, pointed; flowers pale blush. Pods 4 to 6 inches long, slender, 

 light green, soon stringy. Seeds long, very pale dun or chamois 

 color. 



Cream Valentine. Refs. 48, 49, 88, 91. This was 

 a selection from Red Valentine, originated in Genesee 

 County, N. Y., and introduced in 1897 by Henderson. 



Pods of medium size I4 3 4 ' inches longl curved, round in cross- 

 section or broader than thick, strongly crease-backed, medium 

 green, very brittle, stringy but almost fiberless and of good quality. 

 Seeds 5 or 6 crowded in pod, pinkish cream with faintly darker eye- 

 ring. Apparently more like Long Yellow Six Weeks than like 

 Valentine in size and shape, but lighter in color and decidedly 

 truncate at ends. 



Dun-colored. Refs. 13. 16, 41. 47, 61, 63, 

 97, 98. The varieties, Dark and Light Dun-Colored, 

 trace back about as far as any of which we have record, 

 one of the varieties listed by Mawe-Abercrombie in 

 1778 undoubtedly being the ancestor of Dark Dun, 

 from which the form with lighter-colored seeds was 

 later derived. They were grown in America from 1828 

 at least, but are now of historical interest only. 



Plants rather tall dwarfs, bushy and vigorous, with large, 

 light green wrinkled foliage, purplish blossoms. Pods short, 

 almost straight, slender but nearly round, light green but with 

 a peculiar striated appearance. Seeds 4-5, large, -fs inch long, 

 broadly oblong, with truncated ends or slightly kidney shaped, 

 slate drab or dun color, changing to dark brown, with almost 

 black eye-ring. 



Dwarf Caseknife. Refs. 13, 29, 47, 49, 51, 53, 

 93, 94. Syn. Dwarf Cimiter, Dwarf Early White 

 Scimitar, Dwarf Sabre, Emperor William. First in 

 Market, Rhode Island Caseknife. The name Dwarf 

 Caseknife is here used to cover a large group of names 

 applying to a rather distinct type of bean, the socalled 

 varieties being either identical, making the names 

 strictly synonyms, or so similar as to be inseparable. 

 The name was first applied about 1865 to Dwarf Sabre 

 or Dwarf Cimiter as mentioned by Burr. Henderson 

 in 1892 offered Rhode Island Dwarf Caseknife and in 

 1904 Kendal gave the name to Emperor William, a 

 variety coming from Germany and known since 1880. 

 The type originally came from France and because of its 

 large white seeds was early used as a shell bean or as a 

 dry one for winter use. The pods are unattractive and 

 not suited for use as snaps; plants rather scraggly in 

 growth. White Kidney has replaced Dwarf Caseknife 

 for the production of the larger sized white dry shell 

 beans. 



Plant about 10 inches tall, spreading, not twining; leaflets of 

 medium size, broadly wedge-shaped, occasionally heart-shaped, 

 rather dark green, not inclined to wrinkle. Flowers white. Pods 

 light greenish yellow, straight or nearly so, swollen by the beans, 

 with slender, moderately long curved tips, about 5 1 J inches long, 

 1 2 to 3 4 inch wide, broadly ovate, becoming more flattened at 

 maturity. Seeds 3 or 4, polished white when ripe, slightly more than 

 one-half inch long, about two thirds as wide, and less than one- 

 half as thick, decidedly flattened, broad, oblong. 



Dwarf Early Flcuriel. When grown at Geneva in 

 1888, this variety proved to be late, subject to mildew, 

 short -podded, and unproductive. Vilmorin says it is 

 early and more productive than Canada Yellow. 



Plant very dwarf, very compact, much branched, with finely 

 blistered foliage and white flowers. Pods about 4 inches long, 

 much curved, about ] 2 inch wide, entirely fiberless, Vilm. I. Seeds 

 of medium size, very short oval, very pale yellowish brown with 

 white or brown eye-ring. 



Dwarf Russian. Refs. 47, 93, 94, 97, 98. Vil- 

 morin introduced Dwarf Russian before 1882, but the 

 name indicates a foreign origin. It was quite popular in 



