DESCRIPTIONS OF VARIETIES 



49 



between Deans common to pods of Stringless Greenpods 

 and Full Measure are not found in Red Valentine. 



Brown Speckled Valentine, Cream Valentine, Giant 

 Valentine, and White Valentine, are all different types. 



Plant small to medium, commonly under 1 foot tall, but under 

 good growing conditions 12 to 14 inches high with spread of ' 4 to 

 1 foot: very erect, tree like, compact, yet not dense, runnerless; 

 vigor fair, very hardy, moderately productive over moderate season, 

 few pods occasionally appearing above foliage. Stem in some 

 strains somewhat slender, generally, however, stout and rigid, round 

 below first node, above somewhat ridged, short jointed; branches 

 few without secondaries, green thruout. Foliage moderately 

 abundant, not dense, medium green to light green in color, surface 

 dull rather than glossy, rough, slightly crumpled, medium veined, 

 medium in thickness; leaflets somewhat like those of Refugee, but 

 larger, about 4 inches long by 2 3 4 inches wide, appearing narrow 

 because widest near base and tapering rapidly to rather sharp 

 points. Flowers white. 



Pods borne intermediate among the foliage: medium dark 

 dull green in color. Quality very good; fleshy, tender, some%vhat 

 stringy, practically fiberless and medium fine in texture. Size 

 medium long, moderately narrow and slender, more slender than 

 Stringless Green Pod, (4J j-5 x 3 g x 3 . inches ', containing 4-5 seeds 

 per pod. Shape round, nearly circular in outline, curved, often 

 creasebacked, quite regular, somewhat crowded, smooth filled to 

 the tip and edge and rounded at the end. Spur long, slender and 

 straight, occasionally slightly recurved. Suture, placental slightly 

 indented and carpellary, rounded. 



Seeds medium, 1.4 x .7 x .65 cm, 170-90 per oz.) long oval, 

 plump, some strains more cylindrical than others; ends rounded and 

 occasionally one slightly larger than the other. Hilum small, 

 rounded. Color light fawn (vinaceous cinnamon! blotched over 

 95 per cent of the surface with varying shades of dull red Vandyke 

 to acajou red). 



Refugee. Refs. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 19, 29, 38, 



41, 47, 48, 49, 61, 63, 77, 91, 93, 96, 97, 98, 99. Syns. 

 Brown Speckled Valentine, Improved Refugee, Late 

 Refugee, Late Prolific Refugee, Round Pod Refugee. 

 This very old bean has been grown in the United 

 States at least since 1822 for it was listed that 

 year by J. M. Thorbum & Co. Taking all of 

 the many named forms of the Refugee it is not out of 

 order to say that it is one of the most widely grown 

 of the green-podded beans. Its origin is not definitely 

 known and as it is grown wherever beans are used as 

 food its beginning must remain obscure. Martens 

 suggested that it probably was brought to England or to 

 America by the French Huguenots or '' Refugees," for 

 whom it may well have derived its name. It is exceed- 

 ingly similar to Suisse gris which is one of the oldest 

 French types. Martens described it as Turkish Date 

 Bean and according to the same authority it is called by 

 the Missouri Indians Ohmenik Pusaehna; on the Bourbon 

 Island, Haricot lilas vert; in Algiers Haricot noir 

 and Haricot de Bagnols; in Lisbon Haricot bleu; in 

 Venice Fasioni favaoni; in Lousanne and Paris Haricot 

 Suisse gris, and Haricot gris de Bagnols; in Germany 

 Variegated Dutch. 



In order to counteract the tendency of Refugee 

 toward flat-podded types, various seedsmen during the 

 latter part of the past century and the early part of the 

 present, made selections for round stringless pods. In 

 one of these, at least, distinctly larger pods have been 

 secured, reaching nearly 6 inches in length and nearly 



half an inch in diameter, but late in season, less produc- 

 tive and soon showing strings; another strain produces 

 pods one-fourth less in diameter, and almost wholly 

 stringless; yet another is identical with the Excelsior 

 strain of Extra Early Refugee, but nearly two weeks 

 later. N. B. Keeney is credited with selecting and 

 introducing the stringless type of Refugee from which 

 has been derived all of our later Stringless types. 



Refugee has always been the leading green-pod 

 planted to produce late snap pods. It has also been 

 largely used by southern planters for shipment to 

 northern markets. The small size of the pods and 

 color of seed prohibit its use as a shell bean. After the 

 introduction of the stringless podded type Refugee soon 

 became the leading bean used for canning. The straight, 

 uniform, absolutely fiberless pods have an excellent color 

 and the smaller sizes are suitable for whole bean packs. 

 The pods pass through canning stage slowly and promi- 

 nent seed development is retarded. A late variety, 

 58 to 62 days at Geneva, this is 10 days later than Early 

 Refugee, Refugee Wax, Round Pod Kidney Wax, or 

 Bountiful, 12 days later than Full Measure and 15 days 

 later than Burpee's Stringless Green Pod. 



Plant large, 14 to 18 inches high, with spread of 15 to 18 inches; 

 strictly dwarf, erect, very spreading in rows, but not scraggly, 

 compact; some indeterminate shoots appear and some branches are 

 tendril -like, but the plant can be said to be without runners; very 

 good vigor, heavily productive over a long season, if early growth 

 conditions are unfavorable the plants often will produce a good 

 crop later. Stems stout, round, smooth, ridged above, internodes 

 short; branches many, secondary branches numerous, continuing 

 growth very late, green thruout. Foliage very abundant, dense, 

 medium to dark green, bright or glossy; surface smooth, thin, very 

 slight pubescence or veining; leaflets readily distinguishable from 

 those of other varieties, small, 4 1 i inches long by 2 \ i inches wide, 

 long, slender, elongated inclined to diamond shape, and taper- 

 pointed. Flowers phlox purple. 



Pods borne below foliage, light, pale green in color. Quality 

 good; brittle, without strings, very small amount of fiber and fine 

 texture. Size medium long, broad and quite plump, (5— ojix^j 

 x yg inches), containing 5-6 seeds per pod. Shape round, nearly 

 circular in cross-section, straight-backed, straight but occasionally 

 slightly curved, regular, filled to the tip and edge, smooth, not 

 crowded and is rounded or tapering at the end. Spur long, slender 

 and slightly recurved. Suture, placental is slightly indented and 

 carpellary, rounded to obtuse. 



Seeds medium 1.4 x .6 x .6 cm (97 per oz.), quite straight, 

 cylindrical in middle tapering somewhat to ends, plump; ends 

 uniformly rounded. Hilum small, flat. Color very light brown or 

 dun light vinaceous-cinnamon ) , splashed and mottled over entire 

 surface with dark maroon purple (blackish red-purple). 



Rhode Island White. Refs. 15, 49. A variety 

 introduced by Gregory sometime between 1885 and 

 1888, and which had been grown in the region about 

 Portsmouth, R. I. for some years. It was said to be 

 the earliest snap bean known, of first class quality and 

 very productive. 



Rob Roy. Refs. 13, 47. Rob Roy is a very old 

 variety and is so similar to Long Yellow Six Weeks that 

 it is often considered identical with it; but the two 

 appeared to have had constant, although slight, dif- 

 ferences. The use of both varieties and the general 

 growth habits are the same. 



