DESCRIPTIONS OF VARIETIES 



73 



5 days earlier than the older type and produces pods 

 which are narrower and average one inch longer. 



Plant large grower, vigorous, branches wholly green; foliage 

 abundant, dark green, leaflets medium in size, long pointed, flat, 

 smooth surface. Flowers pink. 



Pods dark green when in snap stage, but turn yellowish green 

 splashed with purplish to carmine red in green shell stage. Quality 

 fair; stringless, nearly fiberless but not very fleshy. Size moderately 

 long, very broad and rather slender (6-7 x 5'$- S 4 x 3 •.-'_• I , contain- 

 ing 5-7 seeds per pod. Shape flat, oval in cross-section, straight to 

 slightly creasebacked, straight to slightly curved, constricted, 

 crowded, smooth, filled to the tip and edge and truncate on the end. 

 Spur long, slender and curved to assume a perpendicular to the pod. 

 Suture, placental is flat to slightly indented and carpellary, acute 

 to moderately obtuse. 



Seeds large, 1.5 x 1.0 x. 85 cm. (50-60 per oz.); very broad 

 oval, exceedingly plump, broad oval in cross-section; ends uniformly 

 but abruptly rounded. Hilum medium, flat to slightly protuberant. 

 Color light buff (pale pinkish buff to capucine buff) under color, 

 sparingly splashed and streaked with dark red (ox-blood red) over 

 entire surface and marked with a moderately wide, deep orange (zinc 

 orange eye-ring. 



^Iottled Cranberry. Refs. 3, 97, 98. This old 

 variety, known to Martens in 1860, was also described 

 by Burr in 1863 and was undoubtedly known in both 

 Germany and America before these dates. The strikingly 

 colored beans, half red and half white, command atten- 

 tion for the variety. It has been quite widely distributed 

 under various names but has too few advantages to 

 displace established kinds. 



Plant rather low, poor-climbing, leaflets broadly ovate, 

 almost triangular, rather short-pointed. Flowers white. Pods 

 short, 4 to 5 inches long, broad, slightly flattened, tender and edible 

 in early stages; but soon stringy and fibrous. Seeds about 4, about 

 J 2 inch long, decidedly more than half as wide, very plump, very 

 broad oblong laterally, and oval or ovate on edge view, half about 

 eye and toward one end dark crimson, remainder of bean white, 

 more or less striped and spotted with red, the amount and distribu- 

 tion of white and colored portions varying considerably. 



Red Cranberry Pole. Refs. 12, 13, 48, 63, 91, 97, 



98. Syns. Arlington Red Cranberry, Boston Market 

 Pole, Cardinal, Horticultural Pole, Medium Imperial, 

 Pearl. This is one of the oldest American varieties. 

 It was listed by Thorburn in 1822 and was possibly 

 one of the beans planted before 1612 by the Indians 

 of Maine among their corn, as mentioned by Leo- 

 carbot. 1 Josselyn - includes red beans among the 

 many grown in America before 1670. Growth among 

 the corn would indicate climbing types, and Red Cran- 

 berry Pole was such a bean, suitable for growth in the 

 North. This bean was described by Burr as one of the 

 most widely cultivated and most useful beans in this 

 country; but as grown at this Station in 1882 and 1883 

 it was inferior, both in earliness and productivity, to 

 many other pole beans. 



Boston Market Pole Cranberry was considered 

 identical with Red Cranberry in early tests at this 

 Station, which opinion others have followed. A study 

 of numerical data given show that Boston Market, in 

 both years tested, was two weeks earlier for green shell 

 beans and very much more productive. Arlington Red 

 Cranberry, introduced about 1885, probably by Farqu- 



har, was a selection from Red Cranberry and differed 

 from it in wider, flatter, longer-pointed, and stringless 

 pods. 



Plants slow in starting, but later climbing well, large, heavy- 

 stemmed, much branched; foliage moderately abundant, leaflets 

 large, broad-obovate, almost triangular, taper-pointed, slightly 

 crumpled, smooth-surfaced. Flowers pink. Pods uniform, 5 inches 

 long or more, almost straight, with short -rounded ends and short, 

 central tips, flat but soon swollen by beans, smooth-surfaced, brittle, 

 soon somewhat stringy, broad, almost fiberless, green with purplish 

 shading, on sutures. Seeds 7 or 8, crowded in pod, short, very broad 

 oval, fairly plump, with a short-rounded end, rarely truncate, very 

 dark red or brownish crimson. 



DWARF VARIETIES 



Boston Favorite. Refs. 48, 59, 80, 91, 96. Syns. 

 Breck's Dwarf Horticultural, Goddard, Godding Dwarf, 

 Red Podded Dwarf Horticultural. Boston Favorite, 

 perhaps better known as Goddard, was grown about 

 Boston for some time before 1885, when it was intro- 

 duced by the Aaron Low Seed Company and by Rawson 

 under the name given by Gregory, as Red-podded Dwarf 

 Horticultural, and probably by others. It soon became 

 very popular, and is still sold by many seedsmen in the 

 East. Although rather late, it picks over a long season 

 and is very productive. The spreading, runner-forming 

 habit of the plants and the too frequent production of 

 short pods is corrected in strains known as Improved 

 Goddard (Ferry, 1897) and Crimson Beauty. 



Plant a very large, spreading bush, open, rather sprawling, 

 with some runners; leaflets small, dark green. Flowers blush pink. 

 Pods 5 to 6 } 2 inches long, 5 to 6 seeded, abundantly splashed with 

 red, smooth, broad, flat, cross-section ovate-acuminate, straight, 

 regular, end with tip, spur short, slender, rigid centered. Seed 

 large, long, oval, flat, ends rounded, streaked or patterned rather 

 than speckled with crimson. 



Crimson Beauty. Refs. 48, 91. Ford announced 

 Crimson Beauty for trial in 1895 and distributed it 

 regularly the next year. According to Tracy, Ford 

 credits origination of the variety to E. D. Gibson, Ash- 

 burnham, Mass., as a cross between Boston Favorite 

 and a wax-podded bean. 



Plant habits those of Improved Goddard, otherwise very 

 similar to Boston Favorite with green-shell pods (later yellow) more 

 extensively marked crimson, straighter and more slender; beans 

 smaller and rather more plump. 



Dwarf Horticultural. Refs. 10, 13, 15, 28, 29, 



35, 36, 41, 47, 48, 59, 77, 80, 85, 87, 91, 96. Syns. 

 Carmine Podded Horticultural, Dwarf Wrens Egg, 

 Early Carmine Podded, Intermediate Horticultural, 

 Ruby Horticultural, Speckled Cranberry Bush. Under 

 various names, of which Dwarf Cranberry or Dwarf 

 Speckled Cranberry were probably earliest in America, 

 this bean has a long history extending over 150 years 

 in Europe and over a century in the United States. It 

 is credited by some to Italy, where beans of this type, 

 both dwarf and pole, are very popular. From all avail- 

 able descriptions, Mawe's Spotted Amber, or Sparrow's 

 Egg, Speckled Cranberry, Dwarf Horticultural, and Ruby 

 Horticultural had or have seeds of typical horticultural 

 shape and color, short-ovate, slightly flattened sidewise, 



' Leocarbot His. Nouv. France. 835. 

 2 Josselyn J. Voy. 59. 1865. 



1612. 



