76 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



Blue Pod. Refs. 13, 43, 44, 48, 91. The Blue Pod 

 of the East is an old pea bean, described by Burr in 1863 

 as the earliest, most prolific field bean grown. In 

 New York its production is mostly in the drier wheat- 

 growing districts of western New York. A similar 

 variety originated independently 40 years later in Cali- 

 fornia in 1902, being developed from a plant growing in 

 Small White found by Pasqual Scolari in the Lompoc 

 Valley. Mr. Scolari retained the stock for himself for 

 five years, but after 1907 seed was distributed by the 

 Southern Pacific Milling Company. It was favorably 

 received by growers and has continued to gain in favor, 

 especially in Santa Barbara County. Small White is a 

 California strain of the Navy or pea bean. Occasional 

 plants bearing blue pods identical with the Blue-Pod 

 variety are found in fields where Small White are growing. 

 The California Blue Pod apparently is a more dwarfed 

 and open-growing variety than the older or Eastern 

 strain. The pods ripen a week earlier than White Mar- 

 row or Pea Beans. 



Plant, semi-dwarf to dwarf, deep green foliage, white flowers. 

 Pods five inches long, pale green when young, light yellow later 

 with peculiar purplish tinting. Seeds 5 to 6, often squarely or 

 angularly compressed, white. Interchangeable with Small White. 



Bonnemain. Refs. 28. This variety was named 

 for the originator, M. Bonnemain, Secretary of the 

 Etampes Horticultural Society. Although listed in the 

 United States about 1889, records as to its growth do not 

 seem to be available. It was very much like White Kid- 

 ney but with shorter, narrower, almost cylindrical pods, 

 and smaller beans. 



Brown Swedish. Refs. 43, 89, 91. Syn. 

 Swedish. Immigrants from Sweden settling in the upper 

 Mississippi Valley are supposed to have brought with 

 them this variety which still persists as a favorite in 

 sections of northern Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. 

 The first recognized use by seedsmen seems to have been 

 by Northrup, King & Co. about 1890, although the 

 produce trade had been familiar with it for some time. 



Plants of two types, one producing round pods and having a 

 plant which is erect without runners, thick stemmed, green through- 

 out. The plants of the second type producing flat pods, are larger 

 in vine and inclined to spread out and send out runner-like branches. 

 Whether these represent two distinct strains or whether the varia- 

 tion is an inherent character was not evident in our limited trials. 

 Flowers pink. 



Pods borne both above and below the foliage, very light 

 green in color; quality poor; tough, very stringy and fibrous and 

 rather coarse in texture. Size medium short, narrow and plump 

 (4-5 x Yt, x ? s inches), containing 4-5 seeds per pod. Shape round; 

 oval in cross-section, slightly curved, moderately saddle backed 

 slightly constricted, fairly crowded, smooth, filled to the tip and 

 edge and rounded to somewhat truncate on the end. Spur long, 

 slender and recurved. Suture, placental is slightly rounded and 

 carpellary obtuse. 



Seeds small to medium, l.lx.6x.5 cm. (95-100 per oz.), 

 oblong-oval, plump; ends rounded to truncate. Hilum medium 

 flat. Color light brown (ochraceous-tawny) over entire surface; 

 marked with distinct darker brown, narrow eye-ring. 



There is also a so-called flat podded type that is larger in 

 vine and which has numerous side wheelers. The flat-podded type 

 has seeds and pods much larger and flatter than the round podded 

 type which is described above. The smaller, erect type seems to 

 be considered the true Brown Swedish. 



Burlingame. Refs. 41, 43, 48, 84, 85. Syns. 

 Burlingame Medium, White Medium, White Field, York 

 State Medium. This once popular bean of western 

 New York originated about 1896 in Genesee County, 

 probably with D. G. Burlingame, as a selection from 

 White Medium. The latter was grown here in 1884, 

 and Burlingame was included in our recent tests. 



In both our tests plants of these two strains were hardly 

 distinguishable from those of Navy Pea, quite viny. Pods partic- 

 ularly of Burlingame, decidedly short, broad, with a tendency to 

 curve slightly thruout and quite abruptly near tip. Seeds rather 

 smaller than Navy, and more elongated, pearly white. 



Canada Yellow. Refs. 13, 47, 56, 93, 94. Syns. 

 Round American Kidney. Canada Yellow, known for 

 nearly a hundred years, was very similar to China Yellow, 

 which was reproduced in Sulphur, and was of the same 

 utility. It was a midseason bean, maturing much 

 faster if sown late; quite productive. 



Pods 5 inches, straight, green when young, yellow at maturity, 

 foliage more ample, less tufted, moderately crumpled, deeper green. 

 Flowers lilac. Seeds larger, ovate to sub-cylindrical, rather than 

 short-ovate approaching spherical, deeper colored with a shade of 

 drab changing to nankeen-yellow (Burr) (Irish says with prominent 

 brownish markings), and with a reddish brown line around the 

 hilum. 



Canadian Wonder. Refs. 10, 15, 16, 33, 41, 47, 



48, 61, 63, 66, 80, 81, 91, 97, 98. Syns. Red Canada, 

 Rose, Summer's Canadian Wonder. The history of 

 Canadian Wonder is uncertain; but it is undoubtedly 

 of Canadian origin, some time previous to 1873, when 

 mention of it was made in an English periodical. 

 Gregory listed the Rose Bean in 1882, seed of which was 

 secured and grown at Geneva. Tillinghast, in 1884, 

 carried the variety as Canadian Wonder or New Rose. 

 In the American catalog of Carters Seeds mention is 

 made of the great popularity of the variety in England 

 and Carter claims to have been one of the first to make 

 the merits of this variety known there. Its resemblance 

 to Red Kidney would lead one to search for a clew as to 

 a relationship but nothing has been unearthed. 



So far as American uses are concerned, Canadian 

 Wonder is chiefly used as a dry shell bean. In England, 

 Australia, New Zealand, and to some extent on the 

 continent the variety is grown as a snap pod or forcing 

 bean. If picked early the pods are of good quality and 

 when picked at that stage will be as large as most green 

 pod varieties which have reached full size. In season 

 late. It has a longer and more curved pod than Red 

 Kidney and also a larger plant and is much later in 

 season, generally appearing as a larger type of Red 

 Kidney. It is also similar to Prolific Pickler or Gumkler 

 (of German origin), differing slightly in the color of seed 

 and with straighter pods. These two varieties probably 

 produce the largest pods (thickest) of any of our dwarf 

 bush beans. 



Plant very large, 15 to 20 inches tall with spread of from 15-18 

 inches; erect, very upright habit of growth, compact, bushy, runner- 

 less; extremely vigorous, very hardy, heavily productive, long in 

 bearing; stem very stout, round, strongly ridged above; branches 

 few, green thruout. Foliage abundant, dark green, somewhat rough 

 surface but not wrinkled, thick; leaflets large, 5 '4 inches long by 

 3'_. inches wide, appear as comparatively narrow, greatest width 



