80 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



small, protuberant. Color white, thru which shows numerous gray, 

 vein-like markings over the entire surface. 



Nettle-leaved Canterbury. Refs. 47, 53, 93, 

 94. A variety useful in America only as a green-shell or 

 dry-shell bean, but which in France was often forced for 

 the young green pods. 



Plant with very dark-green, almost black, much wrinkled or 

 " puckered " foliage which distinguishes it from all but one or two 

 other varieties. 



In most characteristics similar to White Kidney, but only half 

 as tall, with rather shorter, more curved pods, and broader, flatter 

 beans more like those of Dwarf Caseknife. 



Nova Scotia Marrow. Refs. 43. Syns. Vineless 

 Marrow. This variety was a once prominent strain of 

 White Marrow which was regarded very favorably for 

 a few years in the western New York marrow bean area, 

 but which is now rapidly disappearing in favor of more 

 disease-resistant kinds. It was named, in this State, 

 from its apparent place of origin. Seeds of it, grown in 

 Musquidobit Valley, Nova Scotia, were exhibited with- 

 out name, at a Provincial Exhibition at Halifax, about 

 1910. The similarity of Nova Scotia Marrow to Vine- 

 less Marrow in everything except size of beans makes 

 the supposition fairly reasonable that the seeds shown 

 at the Exhibition were those of Vineless Marrow. This 

 variety was quite widely, if not extensively, distributed 

 just before 1900 and may easily have reached Nova 

 Scotia and the other Maritime Provinces and may have 

 been grown in isolated sections until the name was lost. 

 These exhibited seeds attracted the attention of Mr. 

 " Bat " Saunders, a noted rifle shot, and from a few of 

 them he developed a small stock at Paradise, N. S. A 

 neighbor, Allison FitzRandolph, improved the stock by 

 selecting the largest seeds. Geo. Sanders then grew the 

 variety from Randolph's seeds, selecting for his second 

 crop seeds from heavy-yielding plants. Through Mr. 

 Sanders, Prof. H. H. Whetzel of the New York State 

 College of Agriculture learned of the variety, and he and 

 other investigators at Ithaca secured seed of it from Mr. 

 Randolph through the Nova Scotia College of Agricul- 

 ture and the Dominion Experimental Farms. Progeny 

 from this seed, grown by Prof. W. H. Burkholder, on 

 United States Department of Agriculture plats at Grove- 

 land, pleased O. C. Lake, of that village and he imported 

 considerable quantities of seed from Nova Scotia, begin- 

 ning in 1919, from which he developed a stock to supply 

 growers around Groveland. The variety was then 

 apparently quite free from disease so that its productivity 

 and the large size of the beans made it very popular. 

 Seed of Nova Scotia Marrow, however, became so mixed 

 with that of other varieties that the disease resistance 

 apparently lessened. The dry beans were also found to 

 split very readily, so the variety lost popularity almost 

 as rapidly as it had gained it. 



Plants about 134 feet tall, erect, rather sparingly branched, 

 runnerless; foliage medium to abundant, dark to medium green, 

 dull surfaced, roughened or crumpled; leaflets very large, 4?4 to 5 

 inches long, almost as broad quite near base and very gently round- 

 ing to short, obtuse tips. Flowers white. Pods 4 to 4 3 .| inches long, 

 almost straight, with long, almost straight, slender, rigid, central 

 tips very broad for length, distinctly constricted between beans, 

 green, not usable as snaps. Seeds about 4, large, of Boston Marrow 



shape, oval to very short oval or usually ovate, with short-rounded 

 ends, very plump, cotyledons often separated, while slightly veined, 

 moderately glossy, often considerably pitted and wrinkled, about 

 45 to the ounce. 



Paraguay. This bean came from the Guanaco 

 Indians of Paraguay. It produces a bush plant on poorer 

 soils, but under the best conditions becomes almost a 

 pole bean. It is very productive, in either form, of 

 medium sized, white beans of best quality. Burbank 

 in 1921 was responsible for its dissemination in this 

 country. 



Perry Marrow. Refs. 43, 77. Prof. W. H. Burk- 

 holder, working at Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y., 

 made crosses between White Marrow and Wells Red 

 Kidney beans, from which several hybrids developed. 

 These were carried for several years, with constant selec- 

 tion for disease resistance, and several of the best strains 

 were grown in quantity at Ithaca and at Perry, N. Y. 

 Commercial distribution began about 1922. Some 

 attempt was made to keep the strains separate, since 

 many of them showed marked differences in many char- 

 acters, but the stocks have now become so mixed in 

 growers' and seed-sellers' hands that the commercial 

 Perry Marrow is often a mixture of strains. 



Pods borne mostly below foliage; also to some extent in the 

 lower leaf axils of runners. Very pale light green in color. Quality 

 poor; stringy, fibrous, tough and coarse in texture. Size moderately 

 long, quite broad and plump (S 1 ^— 6x ?jxjj inches), containing 

 4—5 seeds per pod. Shape nearly round, broad oval in cross-section, 

 straight to slightly curved, straight backed, somewhat constricted 

 both on the placental and lateral surface, fairly smooth, filled to 

 the tip and edge and moderately rounded on the end. Spur very 

 long, slender and slightly recurved. Suture, placental is flattened 

 and carpellary, obtuse. 



Seeds medium to large, 1.2 x .8 x .7 cm. (45-50 per oz.l; short 

 oval, plump, broad oval in cross-section; ends uniformly rounded. 

 Hilum small, protuberant. Color shining, glossy white over entire 

 surface, marked with a grayish, vein-like under pattern and a narrow, 

 indistinct, pale yellowish eye-ring. 



Pilot Navy. This bean was first erroneously called 

 Early Pierpont, then Early Dupont or Dupont Navy 

 from its discoverer, Wm. H. Dupont, of Minnesota, and 

 finally Pilot, " the bean ahead." Will introduced it in 

 1913 as a sport from Golden Wax. It is a typical Navy 

 in pod and pea, in height of plant and vining habit, but 

 earliness and the large broad leaflets separate it from 

 Navy Pea. The skin is very thin and cooking quality 

 excellent. 



Pink. Refs. 31, 43, 44, 91. Syns. Bayo Medio, 

 Ran Caguino, Rosa, Salmon Colored Kidney, Yura Mon. 

 We have grown Pink several times in our tests, but it 

 has never matured so is out of consideration for eastern 

 bean growing sections. It is excelled in popularity for 

 California, however, only by the lima, and is also much 

 grown in the Southwest and in Mexico. Since it is 

 known as the White Man's Bean (Yura Mon) by the 

 Mexican Indians, it was probably brought in by the 

 Spanish " Conquistadores," or carried overland from 

 Chile. Grown in California, it forms a mass of trailing 

 vines and is very productive. The dry beans are used as 

 baking beans, or in recent times, in the preparation of 

 Chile con came. Seed, light salmon pink, with rather 



