68 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



slightly striped with red; anthers light reddish bronze (terra cotta 

 to vinaceous russet); 60-62 days to anthesis. 



Ears borne at 4th and 5th nodes, well away from main stalk 

 at a rather wide angle, one and occasionally two ears per stalk. 

 Husks many, thick, short, tightly wrapped, not easily removed. 

 Husk leaves extremely small and light, usually perpendicular to 

 the ear. Husked ear moderately long and plump, 8-9 x 2-2 ' g inches; 

 moderately tapering; base enlarged; tip conical and exposed; 

 rows 10-12, occasionally paired, moderately straight, slightly 

 irregular at base. 



Kernels at milk stage white, moderately small, shallow and 

 medium width; at dry stage opalescent white, medium size, short, 

 moderately wide and thick; 1.0 x 1.01 x .4 cm. (100 seeds per oz.), 

 oval in shape; crown rounded; surface rather abundantly but 

 shallowly wrinkled; set on cob tightly. 



Voorhecs Red. Refs. 237, 403, 461. 



One of the many plant breeding projects carried out 

 by Byron D. Halstead, botanist and horticulturist at the 

 New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station at the 

 beginning of the present century, was one to improve the 

 varieties of sweet corn existing at that time. A cross 

 between Black Mexican and Egyptian was made in 1899, 

 and in 1903 a new type was selected which seemed to have 

 considerable promise. The variety was named Voorhees 

 Red for Edward B. Voorhees, then Director of the New 

 Jersey Station. This new type of sweet corn was the 

 result of a cross between a black and a white variety 

 and produced ears of a beautiful pink when picked for 

 cooking, and with red kernels when mature. Prof. 

 Halstead got the usual parti-colored result in the seed 

 grains, ranging from light pink and rose to dark red and 

 black purple. As served on the table there was scarcely 

 a hint of its Mexican parentage except its sweet and 

 tender qualities. The distribution of the seed was made 

 to any who wished samples and for a time it was quite 

 popular as a midseason variety. The Ford Seed Com- 

 pany of Ravenna, Ohio, offered it in 1906 in trial packets 

 of ten kernels each. 



Plant medium tall, 5-6 feet; stalks heavy; usually two ears 

 per stalk, occasionally an additional nubbin present. Husked ear 

 medium long, 7-8 inches; nearly cylindrical, slightly tapering; 

 rows 10-12, straight and regular. Kernels at milk stage white to 

 pale pink, shallow, fairly broad and thick; at dry stage red; short 

 oval in shape; surface moderately, uniformly wrinkled. 



Western Queen. Refs. 109, 178, 406. 



This variety originated with H. C. Cummings of 

 Oklahoma who offered it as the result of a cross involving 

 Country Gentleman and King Phillip, a well-known field 

 corn. So far as can be determined, John Lewis Childs 

 of Floral Park, New York, was the first large seed house 

 to list it, the introduction occurring in 1905. Very 

 shortly afterwards it was included among Henry Fields 

 collection as a pink strain of Country Gentleman. There 

 is on record one trial carried out at the New Hampshire 

 Experiment Station, the seed of which was obtained 

 from Childs. Reports indicate that the variety was an 

 extremely vigorous grower often attaining a height of 

 10 and 11 feet. The ears were larger than those of 

 Country Gentleman, had deeper grains, apparently 

 equal in quality but later in season. The kernels in the 

 milk stage were ivory white, but when mature they 

 assumed a pink cast. 



This variety should not be confused with Shumway's 

 Western Queen, a record of which exists in Sturtevant's 

 publication (508) as well as Burrill and McClure's (91). 

 This stock was apparently synonymous with Pee and 

 Kay. 



Whipple's Early White. Refs. 247, 335, 345, 346, 348, 

 478. Syn. Whipple Early. Illus. 25, 67. 



Introduced in 1919 by the Joseph Harris Co. of Cold- 

 water, New York, Whipple's Early White quickly became 

 an important variety in New York State. If it were not 

 for the lessened interest in the white varieties and the 

 growing importance of the yellow sorts, Whipple's Early 

 White would undoubtedly be considered one of the lead- 

 ing and outstanding market varieties of modern times. 

 Silas S. Whipple of Norwich, Connecticut, was the origi- 

 nator, and the excellence of present-day stocks is to a large 

 degree the result of his continued interest in the variety. 



Mr. Whipple secured seed of an unknown sort in 1910 

 from one of his customers. Mr. Greiner, the German 

 gardener on a neighboring estate, had given a quantity 

 of eating corn to this customer, and she having a surplus 

 passed some old ears on to Mr. Whipple with the injunc- 

 tion " take them home and plant them and they will 

 make you rich." The first year's corn from this seed was 

 ready for picking just after Crosby and before Evergreen 

 and had 8, 10, and sometimes 12 rows of kernels on ears 

 about a foot long. Changes in Whipple's Early White 

 have been considerable since this first trial as present -day 

 stocks show 14 to 18 rows. The length of the ear was 

 shortened by selection to fit the length of the side dishes 

 of the Wauregan Hotel, one of Mr. Whipple's principal 

 customers. 



Whipple's Early White produced edible ears in 

 80 days at Geneva, practically the same season as 

 Vanguard, 4 days earlier than Kendel's Early Giant, 

 and 5 days later than Early Mayflower. The plants 

 are about the same height as those of Vanguard, having 

 longer tassels and anthers more variable in color. The 

 ears are borne much closer to the stalks and have longer 

 and more loosely wrapped husks. The husked ears are 

 slightly shorter, more cylindrical, and have four to 

 six more rows with correspondingly more narrow and 

 decidedly deeper kernels. Whipple's Early White has 

 enjoyed wide popularity as a home and market garden 

 variety. 



Plant moderately tall, 6-6 s i feet, vigorous; stalk moderately 

 heavy, straight; nodes 8-10, prominent. Brace roots present on 

 one node, moderately heavy, whorl complete, useful. Tillers, few 

 present, slightly shorter than central stalk. Leaves moderately 

 long and medium broad, 32-35 x 3J^-4 inches; sheath shorter than 

 internode. Tassel moderately long and slender, 18-20 inches; 

 terminal spike erect; lateral spikelets slightly drooping, moderately 

 many, long, branched and rather scattered; bracts green, slightly 

 striped with light red; anthers variable in color; 60-62 days to 

 anthesis. 



Ears borne at 3rd and 4th nodes, one and often two ears per 

 stalk, one occasionally a nubbin. Shank moderately long, 4-6 inches, 

 moderately heavy but brittle. Husks many, quite heavy, rather 

 loosely wrapped and easily removed. Husk leaves many, short, 

 quite stiff and heavy, much darker green in color than husk. Husked 

 ear medium long and moderately plump, 7-8 x l"g-2 inches; partly 

 cylindrical, moderately tapering; base enlarged and compressed; tip 



