26 



THE VEGETABLES OF NEW YORK 



moderately small, placental tissue moderately abundant, rather 

 moist, somewhat fibrous, easily removed. 



Seed medium large; medium long and moderately narrow, 

 plump, 1.94 x 1.1 x .44 cm. (80 per oz. I; face wrinkled, glossy white; 

 margin rounded, smooth. 



Knobby Leviathan. Refs. 101, 121, 130. Syns. Heart 

 O' Gold, Large Warted Portugal. 



In 1930 James J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead, 

 Massachusetts, listed Knobby Leviathan. This was 

 grown at Geneva and fruit specimens strongly resembled 

 the illustration of Heart O' Gold published by Peter 

 Henderson & Co., New York, thirty years earlier. 



Fruits were produced at Geneva in 120 days, in 

 season with Blue Hubbard and 10 days later than 

 Golden Hubbard. The plants are equally as vigorous 

 as those of Golden Hubbard and have more blistered 

 leaves. The fruits are more like Golden Delicious in 

 general shape, have more angular shoulders and are 

 decidedly rougher and more furrowed. 



Plant trailing; vines moderately coarse, moderately vigorous, 

 12-15 feet. Leaves medium large, 10 x 15 inches, nearly entire, 

 margin undulate; surface slightly blistered. 



Fruits large; 12-18 x 9-14 inches; weight 20-25 pounds, 

 occasionally much heavier. Shape turbinate; ribbed very narrowly, 

 furrowed deeply, surface wrinkled, often profusely corrugated; skin 

 color orange and (flame scarlet.) Shell moderately soft and thin, 

 Yt inch. Flesh thick at medial and apex 1 ' £ inches, very thick at 

 base, 2-2 ' 2 inches; texture moderately coarse, slightly stringy, 

 rather moist; fair flavor and sweetness, orange color; quality fair. 



Seed medium large; medium long, moderately narrow and 

 medium plump, 1.93 x 1.04 x .34 cm. (128 per oz.); face smooth, dull 

 white; margin rounded, smooth. 



Mammoth. Refs. 14, 19, 21, 24, 26, 27, 31, 33, 41, 



42, 44, 45, 50, 64, 73, 90, 101, 129, 130, 137. 

 Syns. Big Jumbo, Big Show, Enormous, Genuine 

 Mammoth, Giant, Giant of All, Globe Mammoth, 

 Golden Yellow Mammoth, Hundredweight, 

 Improved Mammoth, Jumbo, Jumbo Pumpkin, 

 King of All the Mammoths, King of the Giants, 

 King of the Mammoths, Large Mammoth, Large 

 Mammoth Yellow Potiron, Large Yellow, Large 

 Yellow Mammoth, Mammoth $50.00 Pumpkin, 

 Mammoth King, Mammoth Prize, Mammoth 

 Yellow, Mammoth Yellow Potiron, Michigan 

 Mammoth, Mills Giant Pumpkin, Mills Giant 

 Squash, Mohawk Valley Giant, Monster Yellow, 

 New Mammoth Jumbo, Persian Golden Giant, 

 Peruvian Mammoth, Potiron, Prize Potiron, 

 Southern Mammoth, True Potiron, Yellow Mam- 

 moth, Yellow Monster. 



This is the largest -fruited variety of Cucurbita 

 grown and as commonly known is the leading example 

 of the confused and dual use of the terms squash and 

 pumpkin. These common terms have been applied inter- 

 changeably to the many strains of this " Jumbo " of 

 the vegetable kingdom. The many names under which 

 this form has been grown indicate the popular fancy 

 for any plant producing either foliage or fruits of an 

 abnormal character. The fruits are commonly used for 

 stock feed and this has served to keep the variety under 

 cultivation. 



When Mammoth was first grown is not known, but 

 the name does occur in trade lists as early as 1834. The 

 large Potiron of Europe has long been popular and must 

 have been among the early varieties brought from the 

 New World to the Old. 



Mature fruits were produced at Geneva in 120 days, 

 10 days earlier than Etampes, in season with Blue 

 Hubbard and 5 days later than Hubbard. The vines 

 are slightly less vigorous than those of Etampes, having 

 darker foliage and decidedly smaller, less soft, and 

 velvet-like flowers. The fruits are decidedly the largest 

 of all C. maxima varieties, being more nearly globular 

 than Etampes and more variable in skin color. 



Plant trailing; vines coarse, vigorous, 15-18 feet; branches 

 many, basal and medial. Cotyledons moderately long and broad, 

 3x2 inches; oval; apex rounded; veining moderately prominent; 

 color moderately light green. Leaves practically entire, very 

 shallowly lobed, medium large, 10 x 16 inches; margin denticulate, 

 slightly frilled; color moderately dark green; petiole medium long 

 and moderately slender, 14-16 inches. Flower — pistillate, moder- 

 ately small, 4 1 ;) inches across, pale orange; ovary globular; sepals 

 very short and moderately slender, 3 y- 1 _• inch: — staminate, moder- 

 ately small, 4'_> inches across; sepals moderately short and moder- 

 ately slender, 3 4 inch; pedicle short, 5-6 inches. 



Fruit very large, 15-18 x 18-24 inches; weight 35-50 pounds, 

 often much larger. Shape nearly globular, slightly depressed at 

 the base, full at the apex; ribbed widely, furrows moderately shallow; 

 surface moderately smooth, occasionally somewhat rough. Blossom 

 scar with button ] g inch. Skin color orange (salmon orange to 

 rufous I marked with moderately narrow, buff (light ochraceous 

 salmon I stripes which radiate from the apex one-half to three- 

 quarters length of fruit; often blotched with the same color. Fruit 

 stalk moderately short, 2 ' _>-3 inches, round, slightly curved, rough 

 and corky. Shell soft and thin, a, inch. Flesh thick, 1 ! L >-1 '■'■_, inches; 

 texture coarse, moderately fibrous, very moist; quality poor; 

 color variable, moderately light yellow to deep orange (pale ochra- 

 ceous buff to deep chrome). Seed cavity very large, moderate 

 amount of placental tissue which is moist, tough, stringy and 

 difficult to remove. 



Seed moderately large; moderately long, narrow and medium 

 plump, 2.04 x 1.02 x .35 cm. (120 per oz.); face slightly wrinkled, 

 glossy white; margin rounded, smooth. 



Mammoth Chili. Refs. 14, 21, 26, 27, 28, 33, 35, 



41, 50, 61, 73, 116, 129, 130. Syns. California 



Field, California Mammoth, Chili, Chilian Giant, 



Great Chili, Large Mammoth Chili, Large Yellow 



Chili, Mammoth Chili Winter, Mammoth Yellow 



Chili. 



The true Mammoth Chili was probably selected 



from the " Genuine Mammoth " as an earlier and slightly 



smaller strain. Seed stocks within this group have been 



undoubtedly interchanged rather freely and today it is 



rather difficult to find agreement as to the correct type 



represented by the name Chili. Certainly these large 



fruited cucurbits have been grown wherever the plant 



could be cultivated and in many instances have preceded 



the growing of other varieties of a higher quality. The 



type was known at the time of the earliest published 



seed lists. 



Mammoth Whale. Refs. 17, 26, 31, 32, 33, 41, 64, 

 73, 101, 129, 130. 

 This squash was brought from France and intro- 

 duced in 1896 by W. Atlee Burpee 8s Co., Philadelphia. 



