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bladder-senna, from Europe and the Orient; and the scorpion 

 senna, from southern Europe. Immediately beyond is the 

 rue family, illustrated by the shrubby trefoil {Ptelea trifo- 

 liate) of the eastern United States; the prickly ash, from the 

 northeastern United States ; and the trif oliolate orange, from 

 Japan, which has been used as one of the parents in the recent 

 hybridization experiments by the U. S. Department of Agri- 

 culture in its effort to produce a more hardy orange ; the lemon 

 and forms of the orange may be found in the conservatories, 

 together with other woody members of this family. The 

 tanners'-tree family comes next with a single representative, 

 the tanners'-tree, from the Mediterranean region. Follow- 

 ing this is the box family, represented by a number of forms 

 of the box-tree, from Europe, Asia and Japan; the wood of 

 the box-tree is highly prized for wood-engraving, on account 

 of its hardness and close fine grain, and it takes a fine polish. 

 A few steps further on is the sumac family, to which belongs 

 the common poison ivy, so frequent in and around New York 

 City; here are the fragrant sumac, the mountain sumac and 

 the smooth or scarlet sumac, all from the eastern United 

 States; Osbeck's sumac is a stately shrub from China. The 

 European and the American smoke-trees (Cotinus) are rela- 

 tives of the sumacs; the former is sometimes called the wig- 

 tree, on account of the flower-clusters which become white 

 and feathery in fruit; a dye is obtained from it which is called 

 young fustic. 



Crossing the transverse path to the triangle, the holly 

 family is on the nearest point, shown by the serrate holly 

 and the crenate holly, both from Japan; the European 

 holly is grown in the conservatories and the American holly 

 at the arboretum. The Virginia winter-berry, of the eastern 

 United States, bears its bright red berries far into the winter. 

 On the opposite corner of the triangle is the staff-tree family, 

 illustrated by many forms of Enonymus ; the European staff- 

 tree, the burning-bush of the eastern United States, the 

 winged spindle-tree of eastern Asia and Bunge's spindle-tree 

 of the Amur region are shown. Crossing the path to the north 



